OmniVira

Characterization of a Novel Bat Adenovirus Isolated from Straw-Colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum).

Hirohito Ogawa1,2 Masahiro Kajihara3 Naganori Nao4 Asako Shigeno5 Daisuke Fujikura6 Bernard M Hang'ombe7 Aaron S Mweene8 Alisheke Mutemwa9 David Squarre10 Masao Yamada11 Hideaki Higashi12,13,14,15 Hirofumi Sawa16,17,18,19 Ayato Takada20,21,22
Affiliations 22 institutions
  1. Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. [email protected].
  2. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  3. Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  4. Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  5. Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  6. Division of Infection and Immunity, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  7. Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  8. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  9. Provincial Veterinary Office, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, P.O. Box 70416, Ndola 50100, Zambia. [email protected].
  10. Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Ministry of Tourism and Arts, Private Bag 1, Chilanga 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  11. Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. [email protected].
  12. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  13. Division of Infection and Immunity, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  14. Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  15. Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  16. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  17. Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  18. Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  19. Global Virus Network, 801 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. [email protected].
  20. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
  21. Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
  22. Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
PMID29207524 DOI10.3390/v9120371 Year2017 Journal Viruses Languageeng Statusepublish

Abstract

Bats are important reservoirs for emerging zoonotic viruses. For extensive surveys of potential pathogens in straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Zambia, a total of 107 spleen samples of E. helvum in 2006 were inoculated onto Vero E6 cells. The cell culture inoculated with one of the samples (ZFB06-106) exhibited remarkable cytopathic changes. Based on the ultrastructural property in negative staining and cross-reactivity in immunofluorescence assays, the virus was suspected to be an adenovirus, and tentatively named E. helvum adenovirus 06-106 (EhAdV 06-106). Analysis of the full-length genome of 30,134 bp, determined by next-generation sequencing, showed the presence of 28 open reading frames. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that EhAdV 06-106 represented a novel bat adenovirus species in the genus Mastadenovirus. The virus shared similar characteristics of low G + C contents with recently isolated members of species Bat mastadenoviruses E, F and G, from which EhAdV 06-106 diverged by more than 15% based on the distance matrix analysis of DNA polymerase amino acid sequences. According to the taxonomic criteria, we propose the tentative new species name "Bat mastadenovirus H". Because EhAdV 06-106 exhibited a wide in vitro cell tropism, the virus might have a potential risk as an emerging virus through cross-species transmission.

Supporting text Virus Host Location
adenovirus 12 bat 54 Eidolon helvum 6 Zambia 2 Animals 1948 Base Composition 1 Chiroptera 371 Chlorocebus aethiops 70 Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral 2 DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase 3 Genome, Viral 317 Mastadenovirus 4 Microscopy, Electron 4 Open Reading Frames 25 Phylogeny 805 Sequence Analysis, DNA 113 Sequence Homology 21 Serotyping 4 Spleen 7 Vero Cells 55 Virus Cultivation 10 Whole Genome Sequencing 32 Zambia 2

Evidence records

3 total
Zoonotic Surveillance
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Virus Isolation
1 records
OVE2795 Virus Isolation
Key finding

Infectious adenovirus designated EhAdV 06-106 was successfully isolated from the spleen of a straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) using Vero E6 cell culture.

Virus
Mastadenovirus
Host
straw-colored fruit bat Eidolon helvum Natural host
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

A total of 107 spleen samples of E. helvum in 2006 were inoculated onto Vero E6 cells. The cell culture inoculated with one of the samples (ZFB06-106) exhibited remarkable cytopathic changes.

Sample type
spleen sample
Experimental Infection
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Host Range Experiment
1 records
OVE2798 Host Range Experiment
Key finding

EhAdV 06-106 isolated from straw-colored fruit bats in Zambia exhibited broad in vitro cell tropism, suggesting potential cross-species transmission risk.

Virus
Mastadenovirus
Host
Vero/Vero E6 Chlorocebus sabaeus Experimental system straw-colored fruit bat Eidolon helvum Natural host
Location
Zambia
Supporting text

For extensive surveys of potential pathogens in straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Zambia, a total of 107 spleen samples of E. helvum in 2006 were inoculated onto Vero E6 cells. Because EhAdV 06-106 exhibited a wide in vitro cell tropism, the virus might have a potential risk as an emerging virus through cross-species transmission.

Method
cell culture | immunofluorescence assay | genome sequencing | phylogenetic analysis
Experimental system
virus isolation and characterization
Genomic Evolution
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Phylogenetic Evolution
1 records
OVE2796 Phylogenetic Evolution
Key finding

Phylogenetic analyses showed that EhAdV 06-106 is a novel bat adenovirus in the genus Mastadenovirus that diverges by more than 15% from known bat mastadenoviruses E–G based on DNA polymerase amino acid sequences.

Virus
Mastadenovirus
Host
straw-colored fruit bat Eidolon helvum Natural host
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that EhAdV 06-106 represented a novel bat adenovirus species in the genus Mastadenovirus... from which EhAdV 06-106 diverged by more than 15% based on the distance matrix analysis of DNA polymerase amino acid sequences.

Genes or proteins
DNA polymerase
Analysis methods
phylogenetic analysis | distance matrix analysis