Interspecies transmission is an important mechanism of evolution and contributes to rotavirus A (RVA) diversity. In order to evaluate the detection frequency, genetic diversity, epidemiological characteristics and zoonotic potential of RVA strains in faecal specimens from humans and animals cohabiting in the same environment in the department of Cusco, Peru, by molecular analysis, 265 faecal specimens were obtained from alpacas, llamas, sheep and shepherd children, and tested for RVA by RT-PCR. Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR and sequence analysis. Rotavirus A was detected in 20.3% of alpaca, 47.5% of llama, 100% of sheep and 33.3% of human samples. The most common genetic constellations were G3-P[40]-I8-E3-H6 in alpacas, G1/G3-P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in llamas, G1/G3/G35-P[1]/P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in sheep and G3-P[40]-I1/I8-E3-H1 in humans. The newly described genotypes P[40] and P[50] were identified in all host species, including humans. Genotyping showed that the majority of samples presented coinfection with two or more RVA strains. These data demonstrate the great genetic diversity of RVA in animals and humans in Cusco, Peru. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied. Due to the characteristics of the human and animal populations in this study (cohabitation of different host species in conditions of poor sanitation and hygiene), the occurrence of zoonoses is a real possibility.
Phylogenetic and genotyping analyses of rotavirus A strains from alpacas, llamas, sheep, and humans in Peru showed genetically diverse constellations and evidence of interspecies, zoonotic transmission.
Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR and sequence analysis... The most common genetic constellations were G3-P[40]-I8-E3-H6 in alpacas, G1/G3-P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in llamas, G1/G3/G35-P[1]/P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in sheep and G3-P[40]-I1/I8-E3-H1 in humans. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied.
Rotavirus A strains from llamas displayed distinct genotype constellations and phylogenetic clustering indicative of interspecies transmission with nearby domestic animals and humans.
Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR and sequence analysis... The most common genetic constellations were G3-P[40]-I8-E3-H6 in alpacas, G1/G3-P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in llamas, G1/G3/G35-P[1]/P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in sheep and G3-P[40]-I1/I8-E3-H1 in humans. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied.
Rotavirus A strains detected in sheep exhibited mixed genotype constellations and phylogenetic patterns consistent with interspecies and zoonotic exchange.
Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR and sequence analysis... The most common genetic constellations were G3-P[40]-I8-E3-H6 in alpacas, G1/G3-P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in llamas, G1/G3/G35-P[1]/P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in sheep and G3-P[40]-I1/I8-E3-H1 in humans. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied.
Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR and sequence analysis... The most common genetic constellations were G3-P[40]-I8-E3-H6 in alpacas, G1/G3-P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in llamas, G1/G3/G35-P[1]/P[8]-I1-E1-H1 in sheep and G3-P[40]-I1/I8-E3-H1 in humans. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied.
Rotavirus A surveillance in faecal specimens from alpacas, llamas, sheep, and humans in Cusco, Peru identified high infection frequencies and shared genotypes among host species.
265 faecal specimens were obtained from alpacas, llamas, sheep and shepherd children, and tested for RVA by RT-PCR. Rotavirus A was detected in 20.3% of alpaca, 47.5% of llama, 100% of sheep and 33.3% of human samples.
Method
RT-PCR; multiplex PCR; sequence analysis
Sample type
faecal specimens
Geographic raw
Cusco, Peru
Country inferred
Peru
Zoonotic SurveillanceExtraction confidence 0.95
Key finding
Rotavirus A surveillance in faecal specimens from llamas, cusco region, revealed frequent detection and shared genotypes with other hosts.
265 faecal specimens were obtained from alpacas, llamas, sheep and shepherd children, and tested for RVA by RT-PCR. Rotavirus A was detected in 20.3% of alpaca, 47.5% of llama, 100% of sheep and 33.3% of human samples.
Method
RT-PCR; multiplex PCR; sequence analysis
Sample type
faecal specimens
Geographic raw
Cusco, Peru
Country inferred
Peru
Zoonotic SurveillanceExtraction confidence 0.95
Key finding
Rotavirus A surveillance detected infection in sheep from Cusco, Peru with shared genotypes across species, indicating zoonotic circulation.
265 faecal specimens were obtained from alpacas, llamas, sheep and shepherd children, and tested for RVA by RT-PCR. Rotavirus A was detected in 20.3% of alpaca, 47.5% of llama, 100% of sheep and 33.3% of human samples.
Method
RT-PCR; multiplex PCR; sequence analysis
Sample type
faecal specimens
Geographic raw
Cusco, Peru
Country inferred
Peru
Zoonotic SurveillanceExtraction confidence 0.95
Key finding
Rotavirus A was detected in faecal samples from humans cohabiting with livestock in Cusco, Peru, consistent with zoonotic surveillance at the animal-human interface.
265 faecal specimens were obtained from alpacas, llamas, sheep and shepherd children, and tested for RVA by RT-PCR. Rotavirus A was detected in 20.3% of alpaca, 47.5% of llama, 100% of sheep and 33.3% of human samples.
Method
RT-PCR; multiplex PCR; sequence analysis
Sample type
faecal specimens
Geographic raw
Cusco, Peru
Country inferred
Peru
Cross Species Transmission1 records
Cross Species TransmissionExtraction confidence 0.90
Key finding
Phylogenetic analysis indicated transmission of Rotavirus A among alpacas, llamas, and sheep in the southern Andean highlands of Peru.
Rotavirus A was detected in alpacas, llamas and sheep in Cusco, Peru, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that the strains represent zoonotic transmission among the species studied.
