Host entity

human

Homo sapiens

Rankspecies NCBI Taxon: 9606

Recent evidence findings

Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past 3 months 40

Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...

Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5...
25 source articles 18 viruses 7 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
2026-08 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Recent sequence analysis shows high variation at PA/PA-X site 94 in H5N1 and H7N9, with the PA-X I94V mutation becoming prevalent in recent human H7N9 viruses. 42090884
2026-07-26 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage Emerging H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b binds human MHC-II HLA-DR and can mediate sialic acid–independent cell entry, unlike historical H5 lineages. 42539232
2026-07-26 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is reported as causing a multi-species outbreak affecting wild birds, poultry, multiple mammalian species, and humans. 42539232
2026-07-23 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis showed G8 RVA strains clustering within multi-host-associated lineages that include bovine-like human and caprine strains, while G6 strains clustered within more host-restricted bovine lineages. 42492859
2026-07-17 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage Ailong virus uses human ephrin B2 (EFNB2) and ephrin B3 (EFNB3) as functional receptors. 42467734
2026-07-17 Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment In human bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells, H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses induced moderate type I interferon and proinflammatory responses, lower than A(H1N1)pdm09 and H5N1 clade 1. 42466872
2026-07-13 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation SFTSV was isolated as 24 strains from humans, ticks, and fur-bearing animals in Shandong Province during 2024–2025. 42439533
2026-07-13 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection SFTSV was detected in humans, ticks, and fur-bearing animals in Shandong Province during 2024–2025. 42439533
2026-07-13 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of SFTSV from Shandong Province showed co-circulation of four genotypes with genotype D predominating. 42439533
2026-07-13 Transmission Evidence Spillover Event The study provides molecular evidence supporting direct animal-to-human transmission of SFTSV in eastern China. 42439533
2026-07-09 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation Active surveillance in US farmed mink during 2022–2023 detected subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections and interspecies transmission involving humans, mink, and wildlife. 42425991
2026-07-08 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Human sera contain N1 antibodies that cross-neutralize clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 and ancestral H5N1-VN1194 in an organoid-based neutralization assay. 42420291
2026-07-08 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment Human airway and nasal organoids are highly susceptible to clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1. 42420291
2026-07-08 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Cross-neutralizing activity in human sera is enhanced after seasonal influenza vaccination in the organoid-based assay. 42420291
2026-07-08 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Depletion of N1-specific antibodies from human sera diminishes cross-neutralization against H5N1 in the organoid-based assay. 42420291
2026-07-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Among 181 persons in southern Cameroon, MARV antibodies were detected in 3 individuals. 42415355
2026-07-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Among 181 persons in southern Cameroon, Ebola virus antibodies were detected in 7 individuals. 42415355
2026-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Tracheal aspirate sequencing from a 2024 human HPAI H5N1 case in British Columbia detected mixed HA-190D (28%) and HA-226H (35%) variant populations. 42498495
2026-07 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment H5N6 and H9N2 displayed differential lung replication and tissue tropism in human respiratory explants. 42397692
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Amplicon-based whole genome sequencing detected Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in serum or plasma samples from patients collected in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. 42380936
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection One animal handler in Ghana tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. 42515577
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection One animal handler in Ghana tested positive for influenza A(H3N2). 42515577
2026-06-25 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment One clade of newly identified SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses from Thai horseshoe bats can use human ACE2 but shows reduced fusogenicity and replication in vitro compared with SARS-CoV-2. 42097139
2026-06-17 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles show a distinct preference for BSG-dependent cellular entry compared to DPP4-mediated entry. 42300082
2026-06-15 Transmission Evidence Spillover Event Host-state reconstruction indicated that livestock lineages were the primary source of human outbreaks of Rift Valley fever virus, showing animal-to-human spillover. 42289653
2026-06-15 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that human-derived Rift Valley fever virus sequences clustered within livestock and vector lineages, indicating genetic bottlenecks during spillovers. 42289653
2026-06-03 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Neutralizing antibodies to Jingmen tick virus were confirmed in livestock, a human, and a rat in Pakistan, supporting cross-species exposure to this virus. 42242448
2026-06-03 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Serological surveys detected antibodies against Jingmen tick virus, brown dog tick phlebovirus 2, and Liman tick virus in livestock, humans, and rats in Pakistan, indicating host exposure. 42242448
2026-06-02 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis showed that JMTV from Costa Rica shares a common ancestor with Caribbean and Latin American strains and clusters with viruses detected in humans from Europe and Western Asia. 42126202
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection High viral loads of SFTS virus (SFTSV) were detected in samples from human patients. 42183047
2026-06 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of SFTS virus (SFTSV) sequences from patients and their pets showed 100% identity and classified the virus as genotype D, indicating a common infection source. 42183047
2026-06 Transmission Evidence Spillover Event Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) was transmitted from a domestic dog to its two human owners within a household cluster. 42183047
2026-06 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation A household outbreak investigation documented multi-directional transmission of SFTS virus (SFTSV) between a symptomatic dog, two human owners, and a cohabiting cat, confirming a common viral source by genomic identity. 42183047
2026-06 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analyses indicated a natural animal-to-human spillover of Usutu virus in Northeastern Spain. 42004747
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Temporal correlation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibody prevalence between humans and swine in Norway suggests possible bidirectional spillover at the swine–human interface. 41857313
2026-05-26 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage The Q226H mutation in HPAI A(H5N1) hemagglutinin enables binding to human-type α2-6 sialic acid receptors, indicating altered receptor usage toward human receptor specificity. 42244705
2026-05-26 Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation A human case in British Columbia was infected with a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 virus of avian origin, indicating zoonotic spillover. 42244705
2026-05-25 Transmission Evidence Spillover Event Four human H1N1v infections detected in Spain between 2022 and 2026 were genomically linked to influenza A genotypes circulating in white pigs, indicating animal-to-human spillover. 42244724
2026-05-15 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection A clade 2.3.4.4b influenza A(H5N1) virus bearing the HA-E190D substitution was detected in an infected human. 42141159
2026-05 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Potential spillover of Influenza A viruses from humans or other animal sources to wild boars in Spain was inferred from surveillance data. 41668256
Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past month 12

Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...

Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5...
8 source articles 8 viruses 2 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
2026-08 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Recent sequence analysis shows high variation at PA/PA-X site 94 in H5N1 and H7N9, with the PA-X I94V mutation becoming prevalent in recent human H7N9 viruses. 42090884
2026-07-26 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage Emerging H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b binds human MHC-II HLA-DR and can mediate sialic acid–independent cell entry, unlike historical H5 lineages. 42539232
2026-07-26 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is reported as causing a multi-species outbreak affecting wild birds, poultry, multiple mammalian species, and humans. 42539232
2026-07-23 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis showed G8 RVA strains clustering within multi-host-associated lineages that include bovine-like human and caprine strains, while G6 strains clustered within more host-restricted bovine lineages. 42492859
2026-07-17 Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage Ailong virus uses human ephrin B2 (EFNB2) and ephrin B3 (EFNB3) as functional receptors. 42467734
2026-07-17 Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment In human bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells, H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses induced moderate type I interferon and proinflammatory responses, lower than A(H1N1)pdm09 and H5N1 clade 1. 42466872
2026-07-13 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation SFTSV was isolated as 24 strains from humans, ticks, and fur-bearing animals in Shandong Province during 2024–2025. 42439533
2026-07-13 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection SFTSV was detected in humans, ticks, and fur-bearing animals in Shandong Province during 2024–2025. 42439533
2026-07-13 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of SFTSV from Shandong Province showed co-circulation of four genotypes with genotype D predominating. 42439533
2026-07-13 Transmission Evidence Spillover Event The study provides molecular evidence supporting direct animal-to-human transmission of SFTSV in eastern China. 42439533
2026-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Tracheal aspirate sequencing from a 2024 human HPAI H5N1 case in British Columbia detected mixed HA-190D (28%) and HA-226H (35%) variant populations. 42498495
2026-07 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment H5N6 and H9N2 displayed differential lung replication and tissue tropism in human respiratory explants. 42397692
Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past week 0

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0 source articles 0 viruses 0 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
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Linked viruses

Virus composition linked to this host

213 virus taxa

Geographic evidence

Evidence distribution by country

85 countries

Temporal evidence

Evidence dynamics by year

247 year-type groups

Publication output

Source articles by month

702 months