Host entity

Homo sapiens

Rankspecies NCBI Taxon: 9606

Recent evidence findings

Research Brief · Past 3 months 77

Generating research brief from recent literature...

Summarizing recent literature with GPT-5...
44 literature 30 viruses 15 countries
Publication date Type Key finding PMID
2026-06-04 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis showed close genetic relationship between companion animal and human SFTSV strains, suggesting cross-species transmission potential. 42241469
2026-06-03 Serological Evidence Serological surveys detected antibodies against tick-borne viruses including JMTV in livestock, humans, and rats; neutralizing antibodies confirmed in two livestock animals, one human, and one rat, indicating productive infection. 42242448
2026-06 Serological Evidence Humans in Norway showed measurable post-seasonal GMT levels of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies from 2009 to 2023, correlated with antibody prevalence in swine. 41857313
2026-06 Spillover Event SFTSV was transmitted from a symptomatic domestic dog to two human owners, confirmed by identical S-segment sequences among hosts. 42183047
2026-06 Spillover Event Phylogenetic analyses provided evidence of human spillover of Usutu virus in Spain, linking enzootic circulation in birds and mosquitoes to occasional human infections. 42004747
2026-05-26 Molecular Adaptation The Q226H mutation in avian H5N1 hemagglutinin enables binding to human-type α2-6 sialic acid receptors, representing a structural adaptation towards human infection. 42244705
2026-05-26 Spillover Event A human case in British Columbia was identified with infection by a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 avian influenza virus containing a mixture of 226Q/H in hemagglutinin. 42244705
2026-05-25 Spillover Event Four zoonotic H1N1v infections in Spain between 2022 and 2026 were linked to genotypes circulating in white pigs. 42244724
2026-05-25 Cross Species Transmission Phylogenetic analyses showed introductions of H1N1pdm09 from humans into pigs in Spain, generating multiple reassortant genotypes. 42244724
2026-05-25 Recombination Or Reassortment Reassortant genotypes in pigs incorporated pandemic internal cassettes and human seasonal N2 segments, indicating cross-origin genome mixing. 42244724
2026-05-20 Zoonotic Surveillance Environmental metagenomic surveillance detected avian influenza virus in one-third of wetland water samples along the East Atlantic Flyway, indicating presence of low-pathogenicity AIV and potential animal host associations. 42029155
2026-05-20 Reservoir Ecology Wetlands were identified as environmental interfaces connecting wildlife, livestock, and humans, potentially facilitating pathogen transmission across domains. 42029155
2026-05-15 Spillover Event A clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) virus containing an HA-E190D substitution was detected in a human infection, indicating zoonotic transmission. 42141159
2026-05-14 Zoonotic Surveillance HBV DNA was detected in fecal samples from wild-born great apes in Gabon, with sequences closely related to chimpanzee HBV strains, indicating endemic infection and potential zoonotic circulation. 42198654
2026-05-14 Genomic Evolution A previously reported HBV strain (ChBassi) from great apes in Gabon showed recombination between human, gorilla, and chimpanzee HBV lineages, suggesting historical cross-species transmissions among primates. 42198654
2026-05-13 Molecular Adaptation A single amino acid difference in Orf9b between SARS-CoV-2 and RaTG13 acts as a molecular switch, redirecting binding between Tom70 and MTARC2, thereby modulating immune evasion and viral adaptation to human versus bat hosts. 42134328
2026-05-13 Molecular Adaptation A nonsynonymous mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein enables replication in bat cells expressing human ACE2 and TMPRSS2, highlighting a molecular adaptation influencing cross-species infectivity. 42134328
2026-05-09 Spillover Event Several viruses, including rotavirus A and parainfluenza virus 5 from Qinghai-Tibet wildlife, were identified as posing a high risk of zoonotic transmission. 42106372
2026-05-08 Molecular Adaptation Hypoxia enhances N110 glycosylation of H3N2 hemagglutinin via the host B4GAT1-B4GALT1 complex, increasing receptor-binding ability, replication, and immune evasion. 42198750
2026-05-08 Molecular Adaptation Flavivirus NS1 from infected human serum is taken up by Aedes mosquitoes during blood feeding and manipulates mosquito miRNA maturation to suppress apoptosis, enabling early viral replication. 42103722
2026-05-08 Host Range Experiment Ferret models showed that N110-glycosylated H3N2 viruses had increased pathogenicity and antibody evasion. 42198750
2026-05 Molecular Adaptation Mutations E461D, R468K, and D473G in the HAV 3Dpol polymerase enhance viral replication in mice and murine cells by improving interactions with host chaperone proteins HSPA8 and BAG2. 42113844
2026-05 Host Range Experiment HAV RNA containing the R468K, E461D, and D473G mutations sustained infection in Ifnar1-/- mice, indicating host adaptation enabling replication in a non-human host. 42113844
2026-05 Spillover Event Pteropine orthoreovirus was isolated from a Zambian fruit bat, and human infections cause pneumonia, indicating zoonotic spillover. 42189872
2026-05 Spillover Event H7N9 avian influenza virus transmitted from wild birds and poultry to humans, causing severe respiratory disease and high mortality. 41747464
2026-05 Molecular Adaptation Ser-46 in the PRV σA protein is a key virulence determinant found in strains from humans, monkeys, and bat flies but not in bat strains, suggesting molecular adaptation linked to interspecies transmission. 42189872
2026-05 Spillover Event Serologic evidence in wild boars suggests possible spillover of avian or human influenza A viruses into wild boar populations in Spain. 41668256
2026-04-25 Receptor Usage Khosta-1 sarbecovirus gained capacity for human ACE2 receptor usage and broader ACE2 binding following mutation screening using the RAISE tool. 42034636
2026-04-25 Receptor Usage Sarbecoviruses PDF-2370 and Khosta-1 possess mutations that confer the ability to utilize human ACE2 and broaden ACE2 receptor binding across species. 42034636
2026-04-25 Genomic Evolution Mutation analysis of sarbecovirus Khosta-1 showed that changes such as T498Y/W allowed human ACE2 receptor utilization and expansion of host range. 42034636
2026-04-25 Genomic Evolution Mutation analysis of sarbecoviruses PDF-2370 and Khosta-1 identified amino acid changes T498Y/W that enabled human ACE2 binding and expanded host species potential. 42034636
2026-04-22 Receptor Usage Heart-nosed bat alphacoronavirus CcCoV-KY43 uses human CEACAM6 as an entry receptor. 42020746
2026-04-22 Serological Evidence Serological testing of human sera from Taveta, Kenya, found no antibody evidence for recent infection or spillover of heart-nosed bat coronavirus CcCoV-KY43. 42020746
2026-04-21 Spillover Event A human influenza A(H5N1) infection occurred in association with an H5N1 outbreak among dairy cattle in the United States, providing evidence of animal-to-human spillover. 42043271
2026-04-21 Spillover Event Human seasonal H3N2 influenza A viruses have been repeatedly transmitted from humans to swine, confirming a human-to-animal spillover event and identifying factors affecting susceptibility. 41891722
2026-04-21 Outbreak Investigation An avian influenza A(H5N1) outbreak in dairy cattle in the United States during 2024 was associated with 70 human cases linked to animal-to-human transmission events. 42043271
2026-04-21 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of influenza A(H5N1) genomes from human cases was performed to investigate animal-to-human transmission events and identify outbreak clusters. 42043271
2026-04-21 Host Range Experiment Piglets could be experimentally infected with a human-like H3N2 influenza A virus, resulting in replication and transmission to contact pigs, demonstrating swine susceptibility to a human seasonal influenza strain. 41891722
2026-04-20 Spillover Event D1.1 genotype H5N1 viruses spilled over to bovines and caused severe disease in humans. 42079231
2026-04-09 Spillover Event Traded mammals were significantly more likely to share pathogens with humans, indicating that wildlife trade contributes to animal-to-human spillover. 41955375
2026-04-07 Genomic Evolution Bayesian phylodynamic analysis of Nipah virus N gene sequences from human and bat samples in Bangladesh identified two major lineages (BD-1 and BD-2) and ongoing diversification consistent with continued genomic evolution and lineage emergence. 41817188
2026-04-07 Host Range Experiment Bovine embryonic fibroblasts were susceptible to a recently circulating 2022 H1N1pdm09-like influenza A virus but resistant to the original 2009 H1N1pdm09 strain, indicating differential host susceptibility among H1N1 lineages. 41728991
2026-04-07 Spillover Event Nipah virus is transmitted from fruit bats to humans in Bangladesh through bat-contaminated food sources. 41817188
2026-04-03 Spillover Event Human hepatitis B virus was found infecting wild neotropical primates in the Brazilian Amazon, with genetic evidence supporting human-to-primate spillover. 41933110
2026-04-03 Spillover Event Rodents from rural Mexico showed serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, indicating possible sporadic human-to-rodent spillback events. 42043224
2026-04 Spillover Event Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses have repeatedly spilled over from animal sources into humans since 1997. 42064832
2026-04-01 Spillover Event Influenza A(H5N1) genotype B3.13 viruses originating from cattle caused mild infections in humans, representing an animal-to-human spillover event. 41922194
2026-04 Spillover Event Bovine-origin HPAI A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have recently undergone increased zoonotic spillover to humans. 42064832
2026-04 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin gene sequences from 7445 HPAI A(H5) viruses identified geographically distinct clade successions over time. 42064832
2026-04 Spillover Event Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in red foxes shows that foxes were naturally infected, supporting a human-to-animal spillback event. 41960421
2026-04 Host Range Experiment Human Influenza B viruses replicated efficiently in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells from nasal turbinate, trachea, and lung, demonstrating swine cell susceptibility to these human IBV lineages. 41891518
2026-04 Spillover Event Human infection with covert mortality nodavirus of aquatic origin was confirmed in patients with persistent ocular hypertensive viral anterior uveitis, indicating an aquatic animal-to-human spillover event. 41888595
2026-04 Receptor Usage A/Swine/Jiangsu/YZ07/2024 H3N2 swine influenza virus shows enhanced human-type α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptor binding mediated by HA residues 190D, 225D, and 228S. 41671764
2026-04-01 Outbreak Investigation Confirmed H5N1 detections were collected from 2022-2024 in the contiguous United States to inform outbreak risk prediction. 41959793
2026-04 Spillover Event Pigs can occasionally be naturally infected with human influenza B viruses, indicating a human-to-swine spillback event. 41891518
2026-04 Serological Evidence Seroconversion to covert mortality nodavirus of aquatic origin was detected in 70 human patients with persistent ocular hypertensive viral anterior uveitis, indicating zoonotic exposure linked to aquatic animal contact. 41888595
2026-04 Spillover Event The study investigated spillover of yellow fever virus from animal reservoirs to humans at a forest-urban boundary. 41857415
2026-04 Spillover Event A sylvatic outbreak of yellow fever virus in forest fragments near urban São Paulo indicates animal-to-human spillover risk mediated by mosquitoes and non-human primates. 41813975
2026-03-27 Spillover Event Avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses repeatedly spilled over from birds to humans and other mammals. 42042777
2026-03-26 Spillover Event The paper reports possible viral spillback between humans and urban-adapted mammals based on phylogenetic similarity of their viruses. 41888594
2026-03-25 Spillover Event SARS-CoV-2 spread from infected human caretakers to animals in US zoos, representing confirmed human-to-animal spillback events. 41880766
2026-03-25 Outbreak Investigation Confirmed human-to-animal SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks occurred among zoo animals in the United States between 2020 and 2023, with caretakers identified as the main exposure source. 41880766
2026-03-21 Spillover Event Pandemic influenza A/H1N1pdm virus was detected in a European bison, suggesting possible spillover from humans. 41863702
2026-03 Serological Evidence Pan-alphavirus antibodies were detected in 35% of human serum samples from rural Liberia, indicating substantial prior exposure to alphaviruses. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence Pan-flavivirus antibodies were detected in 51% of human serum samples from rural Liberia, indicating widespread previous flavivirus exposure. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus antibodies were detected in 24% of human serum samples, suggesting frequent prior exposure. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence Antibodies to Rift Valley Fever virus were detected in 9% of human serum samples from rural Liberia. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence Low seropositivity (8%) to Marburg virus was found in human serum, indicating potential prior exposure without recent outbreaks. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence Antibodies to Ebolavirus were detected in 13% of human serum samples from rural Liberia, indicating previous viral exposure. 41884425
2026-03 Serological Evidence High seropositivity for antibodies to several hemorrhagic fever viruses was detected in human serum from rural Liberia, indicating prior exposure and possible zoonotic spillover. 41884425
2026-03 Spillover Event Human serological evidence indicates previous animal-to-human spillover infections with viral hemorrhagic fever viruses in rural Liberia. 41884425
2026-03 Spillover Event H5N1 avian influenza virus spilled over from birds to humans, with repeated avian-to-human infections reported. 41531488
2026-03 Spillover Event Plasmodium simium originated from a host jump of human Plasmodium vivax to monkeys about one to two centuries ago, consistent with a human-to-animal spillback. 42015952
2026-03 Receptor Usage HA-Q226L and HA-T199I mutations in H5N1 hemagglutinin alter receptor specificity, increasing binding to human-type receptors. 41531488
2026-03 Zoonotic Surveillance Seropositivity to Marburg virus was detected among participants, indicating undetected spillover exposure. 41884425
2026-03 Zoonotic Surveillance High seropositivity for Lassa virus was observed, supporting continued zoonotic exposure in the region. 41884425
2026-03 Zoonotic Surveillance Serologic surveillance in rural Liberia detected antibodies to multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses, indicating widespread prior zoonotic exposure. 41884425
Research Brief · Past month 18

Generating research brief from recent literature...

Summarizing recent literature with GPT-5...
12 literature 9 viruses 8 countries
Publication date Type Key finding PMID
2026-06-04 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis showed close genetic relationship between companion animal and human SFTSV strains, suggesting cross-species transmission potential. 42241469
2026-06-03 Serological Evidence Serological surveys detected antibodies against tick-borne viruses including JMTV in livestock, humans, and rats; neutralizing antibodies confirmed in two livestock animals, one human, and one rat, indicating productive infection. 42242448
2026-06 Serological Evidence Humans in Norway showed measurable post-seasonal GMT levels of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies from 2009 to 2023, correlated with antibody prevalence in swine. 41857313
2026-06 Spillover Event SFTSV was transmitted from a symptomatic domestic dog to two human owners, confirmed by identical S-segment sequences among hosts. 42183047
2026-06 Spillover Event Phylogenetic analyses provided evidence of human spillover of Usutu virus in Spain, linking enzootic circulation in birds and mosquitoes to occasional human infections. 42004747
2026-05-26 Molecular Adaptation The Q226H mutation in avian H5N1 hemagglutinin enables binding to human-type α2-6 sialic acid receptors, representing a structural adaptation towards human infection. 42244705
2026-05-26 Spillover Event A human case in British Columbia was identified with infection by a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 avian influenza virus containing a mixture of 226Q/H in hemagglutinin. 42244705
2026-05-25 Spillover Event Four zoonotic H1N1v infections in Spain between 2022 and 2026 were linked to genotypes circulating in white pigs. 42244724
2026-05-25 Cross Species Transmission Phylogenetic analyses showed introductions of H1N1pdm09 from humans into pigs in Spain, generating multiple reassortant genotypes. 42244724
2026-05-25 Recombination Or Reassortment Reassortant genotypes in pigs incorporated pandemic internal cassettes and human seasonal N2 segments, indicating cross-origin genome mixing. 42244724
2026-05-20 Zoonotic Surveillance Environmental metagenomic surveillance detected avian influenza virus in one-third of wetland water samples along the East Atlantic Flyway, indicating presence of low-pathogenicity AIV and potential animal host associations. 42029155
2026-05-20 Reservoir Ecology Wetlands were identified as environmental interfaces connecting wildlife, livestock, and humans, potentially facilitating pathogen transmission across domains. 42029155
2026-05 Molecular Adaptation Mutations E461D, R468K, and D473G in the HAV 3Dpol polymerase enhance viral replication in mice and murine cells by improving interactions with host chaperone proteins HSPA8 and BAG2. 42113844
2026-05 Host Range Experiment HAV RNA containing the R468K, E461D, and D473G mutations sustained infection in Ifnar1-/- mice, indicating host adaptation enabling replication in a non-human host. 42113844
2026-05 Spillover Event Pteropine orthoreovirus was isolated from a Zambian fruit bat, and human infections cause pneumonia, indicating zoonotic spillover. 42189872
2026-05 Spillover Event H7N9 avian influenza virus transmitted from wild birds and poultry to humans, causing severe respiratory disease and high mortality. 41747464
2026-05 Molecular Adaptation Ser-46 in the PRV σA protein is a key virulence determinant found in strains from humans, monkeys, and bat flies but not in bat strains, suggesting molecular adaptation linked to interspecies transmission. 42189872
2026-05 Spillover Event Serologic evidence in wild boars suggests possible spillover of avian or human influenza A viruses into wild boar populations in Spain. 41668256
Research Brief · Past week 0

No publication-dated literature was found for this host in this window.

0 literature 0 viruses 0 countries
Publication date Type Key finding PMID
No publication-dated evidence in this window.

Linked viruses

Virus composition linked to this host

166 virus taxa

Geographic evidence

Evidence distribution by country

85 countries

Temporal evidence

Evidence dynamics by year

180 year-type groups

Publication output

Literature publications by month

356 months