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Literature detail

First Report of Human Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Wild Neotropical Primates.

Jean P Boubli1 Hani Rocha El Bizri2 Luan F Botelho-Souza3 Chrysoula Gubili4 Stephen J Martin4 Maisa da S Araújo3 Tommy C Burch4 Mariluce R Messias5 Alcione de O Dos Santos3 Luiz S Ozaki6 André V C Pereira3 Tony H Katsuragawa3 Ana Maísa Passos-Silva3,5,6,7 Luiz H S Gil3 Izeni P Farias8 Juan M V Salcedo3 Deusilene Vieira3,7
Affiliations 8 institutions
  1. School of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK. [email protected].
  2. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia.
  3. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Rondônia - FIOCRUZ/RO, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.
  4. School of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK.
  5. Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.
  6. Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
  7. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT-EpiAmO, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.
  8. Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
PMID 41933110 2026 Ecohealth eng aheadofprint
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

Globalization and environmental change are reshaping infectious disease dynamics, including reverse zoonotic transmission from humans to wildlife. We assessed hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in wild New World primates from two Brazilian Amazon regions: an anthropogenically impacted area in southwestern Amazonia (Rondonia and Mato Grosso states) and a remote, minimally impacted area along the upper Japurá River (Amazonas state). Blood or liver samples from 88 primates representing 28 species were examined for HBV. HBV was detected in 17 of 49 primates (34.7%) from disturbed areas but in none of the 39 primates from the remote site. Human population density significantly predicted infection, and viral genotypes matched locally circulating human HBV strains, supporting human-to-primate spillover driven by deforestation and encroachment.

biodiversity deforestation emerging infectious diseases HBV one health zoonosis

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

2 total
Spillover Event 1 records
Spillover Event Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Human hepatitis B virus was found infecting wild neotropical primates in the Brazilian Amazon, with genetic evidence supporting human-to-primate spillover.

Virus
HBV
Location
Brazil Brazilian Amazon (Rondonia, Mato Grosso, Amazonas), Brazil
Supporting text

HBV was detected in 17 of 49 primates (34.7%) from disturbed areas but in none of the 39 primates from the remote site. Human population density significantly predicted infection, and viral genotypes matched locally circulating human HBV strains, supporting human-to-primate spillover driven by deforestation and encroachment.

Method
sampling; genotyping; PCR
Study design
field surveillance
Transmission direction
human-to-animal
Geographic raw
Brazilian Amazon (Rondonia, Mato Grosso, Amazonas)
Country inferred
Brazil
Zoonotic Surveillance 1 records
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.88
Key finding

Surveillance of wild Neotropical primates in the Brazilian Amazon detected HBV infection, particularly in individuals from disturbed areas, indicating human-to-primate spillover linked to human activity.

Virus
HBV
Location
Brazil Brazilian Amazon (Rondonia, Mato Grosso, upper Japurá River, Amazonas state), Brazil
Supporting text

We assessed hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in wild New World primates from two Brazilian Amazon regions: an anthropogenically impacted area in southwestern Amazonia (Rondonia and Mato Grosso states) and a remote, minimally impacted area along the upper Japurá River (Amazonas state). Blood or liver samples from 88 primates representing 28 species were examined for HBV.

Sample type
blood; liver
Geographic raw
Brazilian Amazon (Rondonia, Mato Grosso, upper Japurá River, Amazonas state)
Country inferred
Brazil