Host entity

birds

Aves

Rankclass NCBI Taxon: 8782

Recent evidence findings

Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past 3 months 35

Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...

Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5...
20 source articles 21 viruses 6 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
2026-08-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Five H9N2 avian influenza virus isolates were obtained from poultry in Pakistan between January and March 2023. 42566313
2026-08 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of poultry-derived H9N2 isolates from Shandong showed a multi-lineage genome composition with PB2 and M from G1-like, PB1/PA/NP/NS from SH/F98-like, and HA/NA from Y280-like lineages, indicating reassortment. 42184734
2026-07-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Seven H6N1 avian influenza viruses were isolated from wild bird fecal samples in Mongolia during 2022–2024. 42533206
2026-07-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation H6N1 viruses were isolated from fecal samples of wild birds and domestic ducks in the Republic of Korea between September 2023 and April 2024. 42533206
2026-07-26 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is reported as causing a multi-species outbreak affecting wild birds, poultry, multiple mammalian species, and humans. 42539232
2026-07-22 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation One H3N8 and ten H3N3 avian influenza viruses were isolated from poultry samples in China. 42486182
2026-07-21 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Romanian H5N1 isolates cluster within Eurasian H5N1 lineages and are closely related to contemporary strains from Eastern Europe and Russia. 42515095
2026-07-17 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Avian influenza viruses were consistently detected from wild birds via annual sampling around Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska since 2011. 42469424
2026-07-17 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Avian influenza viruses were consistently detected in wild birds in southwestern Alaska, with frequent intercontinental viral dispersal observed among this host population. 42469424
2026-07-17 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Following 2022 introductions of HPAIVs, the proportion of Eurasian-lineage gene segments in avian influenza viruses from wild birds in southwestern Alaska increased. 42469424
2026-07-13 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment H9N2 isolate HL55 directly infected BALB/c mice without prior adaptation, with transient upper respiratory tract replication and mild disease. 42515623
2026-07-12 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection H5N1 infections were reported in wild birds across South America, with detections spanning 104 species in 10 of 11 reporting countries/territories. 42515616
2026-07-12 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation Over 6 million domestic birds were lost in South America during H5N1 HPAI outbreaks, mostly from commercial operations. 42515616
2026-07-11 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Influenza A virus was successfully isolated 42 times from cloacal swabs of wild birds in the Lake Baikal basin, spanning 12 HA/NA subtype combinations. 42515613
2026-07-11 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Maximum-likelihood phylogenies of HA and NA place all Lake Baikal influenza A virus isolates in the Eurasian lineage but dispersed across multiple clades, indicating diverse evolutionary origins. 42515613
2026-07-11 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Phylogenetic patterns from wild waterfowl in the Lake Baikal basin indicate Buryatia acts as a mixing zone for genetically diverse influenza A virus populations. 42515613
2026-07-07 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Whole-genome phylogenetics assigned wild-bird H5 AIV isolates from East China to clades 2.3.2.1 and 2.3.4.4 across subtypes H5N1, H5N6, and H5N8. 42450817
2026-07-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation H5 avian influenza viruses (including H5N1, H5N6, and H5N8) were isolated from wild birds in East China during 2013–2022. 42450817
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Influenza A(H9N2) was detected exclusively in poultry in Ghana with a prevalence of 5.67%. 42515577
2026-06-30 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis placed Ghanaian A(H9N2) strains in clade G1. 42515577
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Live bird markets in Ghana had significantly higher odds of A(H9N2) detection than commercial farms, while backyard farms had lower odds. 42515577
2026-06-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection The Northern belt of Ghana recorded the highest prevalence of A(H9N2) detections in poultry. 42515577
2026-06-09 Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment Mammalian and avian LRP4 orthologs were experimentally shown to support Eastern equine encephalitis virus entry and infection, indicating conserved susceptibility across these host groups. 42265108
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b spilled over from wild birds to dairy cattle in the United States, affecting more than 1000 herds. 41819722
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Active enzootic circulation of Usutu virus was demonstrated in Northeastern Spain involving wild birds and mosquitoes. 42004747
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence Sentinel and backyard birds from Girona province showed serological evidence of flavivirus exposure. 42004747
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection West Nile Virus Lineage 1 was detected in two wild bird samples collected in northwestern Italy, including one co-infected with Lineage 2. 41552429
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection West Nile Virus Lineage 2 was detected in wild birds and mosquito pools collected in northwestern Italy between 2022 and 2023. 41552429
2026-06 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology A quantitative model predicted potential spillover introductions of HPAIV H5N1 from wild birds to cattle in Denmark, with estimated rates below 0.35 cases per week. 41819722
2026-05-26 Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation A human case in British Columbia was infected with a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 virus of avian origin, indicating zoonotic spillover. 42244705
2026-05-20 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Genotype IX Newcastle disease virus was isolated from asymptomatic wild birds as infectious strains utilized in pathogenicity analysis. 42159397
2026-05-20 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Genotype IX Newcastle disease virus was likely transmitted from poultry to wild birds. 42159397
2026-05-15 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Independent introductions of HPAI (H5N1) onto British Columbia poultry farms occurred via spillover from the external environment during the 2022 outbreak. 42136541
2026-05-15 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Wild aquatic birds are recognized as reservoir hosts maintaining avian influenza viruses including HPAI (H5N1). 42136541
2026-05 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Nine peridomestic birds from affected premises tested positive for the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 subtype. 41703951
Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past month 10

Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...

Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5...
7 source articles 6 viruses 1 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
2026-08-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Five H9N2 avian influenza virus isolates were obtained from poultry in Pakistan between January and March 2023. 42566313
2026-08 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Phylogenetic analysis of poultry-derived H9N2 isolates from Shandong showed a multi-lineage genome composition with PB2 and M from G1-like, PB1/PA/NP/NS from SH/F98-like, and HA/NA from Y280-like lineages, indicating reassortment. 42184734
2026-07-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Seven H6N1 avian influenza viruses were isolated from wild bird fecal samples in Mongolia during 2022–2024. 42533206
2026-07-30 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation H6N1 viruses were isolated from fecal samples of wild birds and domestic ducks in the Republic of Korea between September 2023 and April 2024. 42533206
2026-07-26 Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is reported as causing a multi-species outbreak affecting wild birds, poultry, multiple mammalian species, and humans. 42539232
2026-07-22 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation One H3N8 and ten H3N3 avian influenza viruses were isolated from poultry samples in China. 42486182
2026-07-21 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Romanian H5N1 isolates cluster within Eurasian H5N1 lineages and are closely related to contemporary strains from Eastern Europe and Russia. 42515095
2026-07-17 Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection Avian influenza viruses were consistently detected from wild birds via annual sampling around Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska since 2011. 42469424
2026-07-17 Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology Avian influenza viruses were consistently detected in wild birds in southwestern Alaska, with frequent intercontinental viral dispersal observed among this host population. 42469424
2026-07-17 Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution Following 2022 introductions of HPAIVs, the proportion of Eurasian-lineage gene segments in avian influenza viruses from wild birds in southwestern Alaska increased. 42469424
Evidence-grounded Research Brief · Past week 1

Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...

Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5...
1 source articles 2 viruses 0 countries
Publication date Category / type Key finding PMID
2026-08-07 Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation Five H9N2 avian influenza virus isolates were obtained from poultry in Pakistan between January and March 2023. 42566313

Linked viruses

Virus composition linked to this host

100 virus taxa

Geographic evidence

Evidence distribution by country

53 countries

Temporal evidence

Evidence dynamics by year

187 year-type groups

Publication output

Source articles by month

702 months