Recent evidence findings
Generating research brief from recent literature...
Summarizing recent literature with GPT-5... AI-generated summary. Interpret with care and verify against the source literature.
34 literature
19 hosts
11 countries
| Publication date | Type | Key finding | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-06-04 | Molecular Adaptation | Predicted PTM sites in Influenza A virus proteins exhibit host-associated evolutionary rate differences, indicating molecular adaptations related to host lineage. | 42240086 |
| 2026-06-03 | Receptor Usage | Marine mammals and penguins express both α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, and H5 influenza A virus hemagglutinins bind to these tissues, indicating receptor compatibility with infection by classical and clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIVs. | 42234290 |
| 2026-06 | Serological Evidence | Humans in Norway showed measurable post-seasonal GMT levels of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies from 2009 to 2023, correlated with antibody prevalence in swine. | 41857313 |
| 2026-06 | Serological Evidence | Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies were detected in both humans and unvaccinated swine in Norway, with a significant correlation between human GMT and swine seroprevalence indicating possible interspecies transmission or shared exposure. | 41857313 |
| 2026-06 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The H6N2 GXG strain was identified as a triple-reassortant virus with its matrix gene derived from an H9N2 avian influenza virus. | 41931194 |
| 2026-06 | Spillover Event | Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 of clade 2.3.4.4b spilled over from wild birds to dairy cattle in the United States in early 2024. | 41819722 |
| 2026-06 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Two H6 avian influenza viruses were isolated from duck farms in China and characterized genetically and antigenically, revealing distinct lineages and molecular changes. | 41931194 |
| 2026-06 | Zoonotic Surveillance | A data-driven quantitative model integrated bird migration and cattle density data to estimate the risk of HPAIV H5N1 introduction from wild birds to cattle in Denmark, supporting targeted zoonotic surveillance. | 41819722 |
| 2026-06 | Molecular Adaptation | The two H6 avian influenza virus isolates carried molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation, suggesting potential cross-species transmission risk. | 41931194 |
| 2026-05-26 | Molecular Adaptation | The Q226H mutation in avian H5N1 hemagglutinin enables binding to human-type α2-6 sialic acid receptors, representing a structural adaptation towards human infection. | 42244705 |
| 2026-05-26 | Spillover Event | A human case in British Columbia was identified with infection by a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 avian influenza virus containing a mixture of 226Q/H in hemagglutinin. | 42244705 |
| 2026-05-25 | Spillover Event | Four zoonotic H1N1v infections in Spain between 2022 and 2026 were linked to genotypes circulating in white pigs. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Cross Species Transmission | Phylogenetic analyses showed introductions of H1N1pdm09 from humans into pigs in Spain, generating multiple reassortant genotypes. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Recombination Or Reassortment | Reassortant genotypes in pigs incorporated pandemic internal cassettes and human seasonal N2 segments, indicating cross-origin genome mixing. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Cross Species Transmission | Influenza A genotypes were shared across white pigs, Iberian pigs, and wild boar in Spain, suggesting viral flow among swine populations. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-24 | Host Range Experiment | Experimental inoculation of lactating dairy cattle with influenza A(H5N1) B3.13 genotype virus established robust infection and high-titer viral shedding in milk at doses as low as 10 TCID50. | 42177170 |
| 2026-05-24 | Cross Species Transmission | H5N1 virus does not readily transmit between dairy cattle through contaminated milking equipment or close contact despite high infection levels. | 42177170 |
| 2026-05-20 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Environmental metagenomic surveillance detected avian influenza virus in one-third of wetland water samples along the East Atlantic Flyway, indicating presence of low-pathogenicity AIV and potential animal host associations. | 42029155 |
| 2026-05-20 | Reservoir Ecology | Wetlands were identified as environmental interfaces connecting wildlife, livestock, and humans, potentially facilitating pathogen transmission across domains. | 42029155 |
| 2026-05-15 | Spillover Event | Independent introductions of HPAI H5N1 onto poultry farms in British Columbia were associated with elevated precipitation, decreased maximum relative humidity, and increased occurrence of certain wild bird species. | 42136541 |
| 2026-05-14 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The H5N1 viruses detected in Uruguay were reassortant strains combining Eurasian HA, NA, and MP gene segments with internal genes derived from both South American and North American avian influenza lineages. | 42198761 |
| 2026-05-14 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic analyses revealed two related viral groups differing in PB2 origin and showed increasing genetic diversity of H5N1 viruses in South America. | 42198761 |
| 2026-05-14 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Eight H5N1 viruses of the Gs/GD lineage were detected in wild birds in Uruguay, demonstrating the continued presence and genomic diversification of avian influenza viruses in South American bird populations. | 42198761 |
| 2026-05-12 | Outbreak Investigation | An outbreak of H9N2 avian influenza virus occurred in lesser rhea in Peru, marking the first recorded natural infection in this avian species, with high mortality and genomic evidence of North American origin. | 42182300 |
| 2026-05-12 | Molecular Adaptation | Comparative mutational analysis identified multiple mutations previously associated with mammalian host adaptation, increased virulence, and enhanced α2-6 receptor binding in H9N2 viruses from lesser rhea. | 42182300 |
| 2026-05-12 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Peruvian H9N2 viruses were of North American origin, indicating a new introduction of this lineage into South America likely via migratory wild birds. | 42182300 |
| 2026-05-08 | Molecular Adaptation | H9N2 swine isolates carried mammalian-adaptive residues in HA and PB2 and an antiviral resistance mutation in M2, suggesting adaptation to mammalian hosts. | 42104325 |
| 2026-05-08 | Molecular Adaptation | Hypoxia enhances N110 glycosylation of H3N2 hemagglutinin via the host B4GAT1-B4GALT1 complex, increasing receptor-binding ability, replication, and immune evasion. | 42198750 |
| 2026-05-08 | Zoonotic Surveillance | HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b has caused extensive mortality in wild bird populations and expanded host range, with integrated surveillance of Sandwich terns revealing age-specific vulnerability and immunological responses. | 42101093 |
| 2026-05-08 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The H9N2 swine isolates were reassortants containing gene segments from multiple H9N2 lineages. | 42104325 |
| 2026-05-08 | Host Range Experiment | Mice infection experiments showed that the H9N2 swine isolates replicated efficiently in the respiratory tract but caused only mild pathology. | 42104325 |
| 2026-05-08 | Cross Species Transmission | H9N2 avian influenza viruses were detected and isolated from swine, indicating infection of pigs by avian-origin influenza viruses. | 42104325 |
| 2026-05-08 | Host Range Experiment | Ferret models showed that N110-glycosylated H3N2 viruses had increased pathogenicity and antibody evasion. | 42198750 |
| 2026-05-08 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Serological testing of 3,172 swine samples detected 0.44% H9N2 antibody prevalence, indicating low-level exposure in pigs. | 42104325 |
| 2026-05-08 | Reservoir Ecology | Host adaptation and population immunological responses modulate HPAI outbreak dynamics among Sandwich terns and other seabirds. | 42101093 |
| 2026-05 | Serological Evidence | Serological surveillance detected antibodies against Influenza A virus in wild boar sera from Spain, with a 6% seroprevalence, indicating viral exposure to multiple subtypes. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Longitudinal surveillance of wild boars in Spain revealed Influenza A virus exposure and circulating subtypes through serologic and virologic monitoring using RT-PCR, ELISA and HI assays. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Molecular Adaptation | H7N9 isolates showed molecular adaptations for mammalian infection, including an HA 186V mutation and new glycosylation sites linked to immune evasion. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Cross Species Transmission | H7N9 avian influenza virus circulates among wild birds and poultry, with isolates of chicken and quail origin demonstrating avian-to-avian cross-species transmission potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | HPAIV H5N1 was confirmed in unpasteurized milk from affected dairy cows in Texas and New Mexico, indicating avian-to-cattle transmission. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | HPAIV H5N1 infection was confirmed in peridomestic birds and domestic cats from affected dairy farm premises, supporting animal-to-animal spillover of avian-origin virus. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Serological Evidence | Wild boar sera from H5N1 outbreak areas showed ELISA reactivity to recombinant H5, indicating possible but unconfirmed H5N1 exposure. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Host Range Experiment | H7N9 Group.y.2.3 isolates exhibited increased replication and virulence in chickens compared to other isolates, indicating lineage-dependent host adaptation in poultry. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Host Range Experiment | Experimental infection of chickens and mice with H7N9 isolates showed that Group.y.2.3 viruses replicated more efficiently and were more virulent than other lineages, demonstrating differential host susceptibility and cross-species adaptation potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | H7N9 avian influenza virus transmitted from wild birds and poultry to humans, causing severe respiratory disease and high mortality. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Outbreak Investigation | Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 was confirmed in unpasteurized milk from affected dairy cows during an outbreak investigation in the Texas Panhandle and eastern New Mexico in March–April 2024. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic and molecular characterization of H7N9 isolates revealed two HA gene evolutionary lineages in poultry associated with differing virulence and mammalian adaptation potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | Serologic evidence in wild boars suggests possible spillover of avian or human influenza A viruses into wild boar populations in Spain. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Cross Species Transmission | Serologic evidence suggests potential avian influenza virus H5N1 transmission from birds or poultry to wild boars in Spain. | 41668256 |
| 2026-04-21 | Molecular Adaptation | The seal H10N7 influenza A virus acquired three NS1 amino acid substitutions (94, 104, 171) that increased protein stability, interferon antagonism, and polymerase activity in human cells, reflecting host-specific molecular adaptation following avian-to-seal transmission. | 41874045 |
| 2026-04-21 | Spillover Event | A human influenza A(H5N1) infection occurred in association with an H5N1 outbreak among dairy cattle in the United States, providing evidence of animal-to-human spillover. | 42043271 |
| 2026-04-21 | Spillover Event | Human seasonal H3N2 influenza A viruses have been repeatedly transmitted from humans to swine, confirming a human-to-animal spillover event and identifying factors affecting susceptibility. | 41891722 |
| 2026-04-21 | Cross Species Transmission | Influenza A viruses were transmitted from wild aquatic birds to seals multiple times as confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. | 41874045 |
| 2026-04-21 | Outbreak Investigation | An avian influenza A(H5N1) outbreak in dairy cattle in the United States during 2024 was associated with 70 human cases linked to animal-to-human transmission events. | 42043271 |
| 2026-04-21 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic analysis of influenza A(H5N1) genomes from human cases was performed to investigate animal-to-human transmission events and identify outbreak clusters. | 42043271 |
| 2026-04-21 | Host Range Experiment | Piglets could be experimentally infected with a human-like H3N2 influenza A virus, resulting in replication and transmission to contact pigs, demonstrating swine susceptibility to a human seasonal influenza strain. | 41891722 |
| 2026-04-21 | Spillover Event | Multiple avian influenza A viruses spilled over from wild birds to seals, including an H10N7 virus detected in 2014 in Northeastern Europe. | 41874045 |
| 2026-04-21 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic and sequence analyses revealed host-specific evolution of the NS1 gene in seal influenza A viruses, with unique amino acid substitutions in the seal H10N7 virus following avian-to-seal transmission. | 41874045 |
| 2026-04-21 | Cross Species Transmission | Human-origin H3N2 influenza A virus transmitted between piglets during direct-contact experiments, showing swine-to-swine transmission following host adaptation from humans. | 41891722 |
| 2026-04-21 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Genomic surveillance using next-generation sequencing was conducted during the influenza A(H5N1) outbreak linked to dairy cattle in the United States to track outbreak evolution and monitor zoonotic transmission risks. | 42043271 |
| 2026-04-20 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The D1.1 H5N1 genotype in North America arose through reassortment with new antigens following migration from Asia, producing viruses with broader host range and spillover into mammals and humans. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-20 | Genomic Evolution | Genomic analysis of over 21,000 H5N1 sequences revealed an evolutionary shift in 2024, producing the D1.1 reassortant lineage through interhemispheric migration and reassortment. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-20 | Spillover Event | D1.1 genotype H5N1 viruses spilled over to bovines and caused severe disease in humans. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-20 | Spillover Event | H5N1 avian influenza viruses circulating in wild birds in North America spilled over into mammals. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-20 | Molecular Adaptation | H5N1 D1.1 genotype viruses underwent reassortment introducing new antigens, resulting in faster spread, broader host range, and greater virulence in humans. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-20 | Cross Species Transmission | H5N1 D1.1 genotype avian influenza viruses transmitted from wild birds to bovines in North America. | 42079231 |
| 2026-04-07 | Host Range Experiment | Bovine embryonic fibroblasts were susceptible to a recently circulating 2022 H1N1pdm09-like influenza A virus but resistant to the original 2009 H1N1pdm09 strain, indicating differential host susceptibility among H1N1 lineages. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Host Range Experiment | Bovine embryonic fibroblasts supported replication of bovine-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 strains, demonstrating these cells’ susceptibility and providing an in vitro model for studying cross-species influenza infection. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Cross Species Transmission | HPAI H5N1 strains of avian origin can infect bovine cells, demonstrating potential cross-species transmission from birds to cattle. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Molecular Adaptation | Bovine-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 strains show enhanced replication and fitness in bovine embryonic fibroblasts, associated with increased α-2,3 sialic acid receptor expression, consistent with mammalian molecular adaptation. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Molecular Adaptation | Primary bovine embryonic fibroblasts were susceptible to a 2022 H1N1pdm09-like influenza A virus strain, indicating molecular adaptation and potential compatibility for reassortment between bovine H5N1 and human H1N1 viruses. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Receptor Usage | Bovine embryonic fibroblasts express predominantly α-2,3 sialic acid receptors relative to α-2,6, consistent with receptor patterns mediating avian influenza virus binding and entry. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-07 | Recombination Or Reassortment | Coinfection of bovine embryonic fibroblasts with HPAI H5N1 and H1N1pdm09-like strains could enable development of reassortant influenza viruses. | 41728991 |
| 2026-04-06 | Molecular Adaptation | The duck-origin H5N6 virus exhibited hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and polymerase mutations corresponding to partial adaptation to mammalian hosts through enhanced receptor binding, drug resistance, and improved replication efficiency. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Host Range Experiment | Duck-origin H5N6 virus transmitted among guinea pigs via both direct contact and airborne routes, demonstrating mammalian transmissibility. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Host Range Experiment | Duck-origin H5N6 virus caused moderate disease and lung pathology in experimentally infected mice. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Host Range Experiment | Duck-origin H5N6 virus showed increased replication in mammalian cells and was transmissible by contact and airborne routes in guinea pigs, indicating cross-species host adaptation. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Cross Species Transmission | A duck-origin clade 2.3.4.4b H5N6 avian influenza virus was able to transmit by direct contact and airborne routes among guinea pigs, showing animal-to-animal cross-species transmissibility. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Zoonotic Surveillance | A duck-origin H5N6 avian influenza virus was detected in Jiangsu, China via routine surveillance among ducks, reflecting active monitoring for zoonotic influenza circulation. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic and molecular analysis showed that the duck-origin H5N6 virus was closely related to a human H5N6 strain and contained multiple mutations associated with mammalian adaptation. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04-06 | Receptor Usage | The duck-origin H5N6 virus contains HA mutations that enhance human receptor binding and demonstrate dual receptor-binding specificity consistent with partial mammalian receptor adaptation. | 41946007 |
| 2026-04 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The A/Swine/Jiangsu/YZ07/2024 H3N2 swine influenza virus is a complex reassortant carrying internal genes from pandemic H1N1 and possessing additional human and triple reassortant gene origins, contributing to its enhanced zoonotic potential. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Spillover Event | Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses have repeatedly spilled over from animal sources into humans since 1997. | 42064832 |
| 2026-04-01 | Spillover Event | Influenza A(H5N1) genotype B3.13 viruses originating from cattle caused mild infections in humans, representing an animal-to-human spillover event. | 41922194 |
| 2026-04 | Spillover Event | Bovine-origin HPAI A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have recently undergone increased zoonotic spillover to humans. | 42064832 |
| 2026-04 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin gene sequences from 7445 HPAI A(H5) viruses identified geographically distinct clade successions over time. | 42064832 |
| 2026-04-01 | Reservoir Ecology | Wild bird reservoir density and cold-weather conditions were major ecological drivers of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreak risk in the United States, likely via effects on environmental viral persistence and reservoir host physiology. | 41959793 |
| 2026-04-01 | Genomic Evolution | Whole-genome and phylodynamic analyses showed that H5N1 genotype D1.1 spilled over from wild birds into dairy cattle in the United States and subsequently evolved more rapidly with signatures of positive selection in cattle. | 41959054 |
| 2026-04-01 | Genomic Evolution | Whole-genome and phylodynamic analyses showed that H5N1 genotypes B3.13 and D1.1 spilled over from wild birds into dairy cattle in the United States and subsequently evolved more rapidly under relaxed purifying selection and positive selection in cattle. | 41959054 |
| 2026-04-01 | Spillover Event | Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 genotypes B3.13 and D1.1 spilled over from wild birds into dairy cattle in the United States in late 2023 and late 2024. | 41959054 |
| 2026-04 | Receptor Usage | A/Swine/Jiangsu/YZ07/2024 H3N2 swine influenza virus shows enhanced human-type α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptor binding mediated by HA residues 190D, 225D, and 228S. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of H1N1 avian influenza viruses from wild birds in Shanghai showed distinct avian lineages with recombinant genetic origins diverging from mammalian H1N1 strains. | 41653626 |
| 2026-04-01 | Outbreak Investigation | Confirmed H5N1 detections were collected from 2022-2024 in the contiguous United States to inform outbreak risk prediction. | 41959793 |
| 2026-04-01 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Confirmed H5N1 detections in wild birds across the United States were compiled and analyzed with environmental data as part of a machine learning-based surveillance framework for outbreak risk prediction. | 41959793 |
| 2026-04-01 | Molecular Adaptation | H5N1 viruses displayed genomic sites under positive selection in dairy cattle compared with birds, consistent with molecular adaptation that enhanced viral fitness in cattle. | 41959054 |
| 2026-04 | Zoonotic Surveillance | A reassortant H3N2 swine influenza virus was identified from clinically affected pigs during epidemiological surveillance in Northern Jiangsu, China. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Host Range Experiment | In vivo mouse infection showed replication of the H3N2 virus in nasal turbinates and lungs, causing pulmonary lesions. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Host Range Experiment | The H3N2 swine influenza virus showed efficient replication in mammalian cells, consistent with enhanced mammalian tropism. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Host Range Experiment | The H3N2 swine influenza virus replicated poorly in chicken embryos and chicken cells but efficiently in mammalian cells, showing host-specific replication capacity. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Molecular Adaptation | The reassortant H3N2 swine influenza virus displays higher polymerase activity and enhanced replication efficiency in mammalian cells compared to avian cells. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Molecular Adaptation | Residues 190D, 225D, and 228S in the HA protein of the H3N2 swine influenza virus increase binding to human-type α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, indicating adaptation toward human hosts. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04 | Recombination Or Reassortment | H1N1 avian influenza viruses isolated from wild birds in Shanghai exhibit complex genetic origins with frequent recombination events. | 41653626 |
| 2026-04-01 | Recombination Or Reassortment | H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotypes B3.13 and D1.1 emerged in United States dairy cattle soon after reassortant genotype formation, suggesting reassortment preceded cross-species transmission. | 41959054 |
| 2026-04-01 | Molecular Adaptation | Cattle-origin influenza A(H5N1) genotype B3.13 viruses exhibit moderate replication competence and tropism in human respiratory tissue, indicating molecular adaptation toward human infection. | 41922194 |
| 2026-04 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Four H1N1 avian influenza viruses were isolated from wild common teal and spot-billed ducks in Shanghai, China, as part of molecular surveillance of wild bird influenza diversity. | 41653626 |
| 2026-04 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Global genomic and epidemiological surveillance revealed increased zoonotic transmission of avian and bovine-origin HPAI A(H5) viruses to humans and underscores the need for ongoing monitoring. | 42064832 |
| 2026-04 | Genomic Evolution | The H3N2 swine influenza virus A/Swine/Jiangsu/YZ07/2024 shows genomic evolution through reassortment with internal genes from 2009 pandemic H1N1 and surface genes of human-like origin, indicating cross-lineage mixing and potential host adaptation. | 41671764 |
| 2026-04-01 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Genomic surveillance was conducted in United States dairy cattle for H5N1 influenza viruses to monitor viral evolution and assess zoonotic risk. | 41959054 |
| 2026-03-27 | Serological Evidence | Ferret sera produced by immunization with clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 vaccine strains contained cross-reactive antibodies detected by HI and MN assays against a feline-origin H5N1 field isolate. | 42042777 |
| 2026-03-27 | Spillover Event | Avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses repeatedly spilled over from birds to humans and other mammals. | 42042777 |
| 2026-03-27 | Cross Species Transmission | H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have spilled over from avian populations into diverse mammalian hosts, evidencing animal-to-animal cross-species transmission. | 42042777 |
| 2026-03-26 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Systematic surveillance identified 21 strains of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses in wild birds in Guangdong Province, China during 2023–2025. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Systematic surveillance identified 21 strains of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses in domestic poultry and wild birds in Guangdong Province, China during 2023–2025. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Recombination Or Reassortment | H3NX avian influenza viruses from poultry and wild birds in Guangdong showed internal gene reassortment related to highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Molecular Adaptation | H3NX avian influenza viruses carrying HA mutations associated with human receptor binding exhibited dual-receptor binding ability and efficient replication in mammalian cells, suggesting molecular adaptation to mammalian hosts. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic analysis of H3NX avian influenza viruses showed reassortment among internal gene segments and close genetic relationships with highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Host Range Experiment | Experimental infection in mice showed that H3NX avian influenza viruses replicated efficiently in nasal turbinate and lung tissues but were nonlethal. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Host Range Experiment | H3NX avian influenza virus strains ZJ1722, ZJ1542, and SZ837 exhibited dual-receptor binding and replicated efficiently in mammalian cells, indicating cross-species host adaptation potential. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Receptor Usage | H3NX avian influenza virus isolates ZJ1722, ZJ1542, and SZ837 possess dual-receptor binding ability and HA mutations linked to human-type receptor binding, indicating potential adaptation to mammalian receptors. | 41931871 |
| 2026-03-26 | Cross Species Transmission | H3NX avian influenza viruses were detected in both domestic poultry and wild birds during surveillance in Guangdong, indicating cross-species transmission among avian hosts. | 41931871 |
Generating research brief from recent literature...
Summarizing recent literature with GPT-5... AI-generated summary. Interpret with care and verify against the source literature.
12 literature
12 hosts
8 countries
| Publication date | Type | Key finding | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-06-04 | Molecular Adaptation | Predicted PTM sites in Influenza A virus proteins exhibit host-associated evolutionary rate differences, indicating molecular adaptations related to host lineage. | 42240086 |
| 2026-06-03 | Receptor Usage | Marine mammals and penguins express both α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, and H5 influenza A virus hemagglutinins bind to these tissues, indicating receptor compatibility with infection by classical and clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIVs. | 42234290 |
| 2026-06 | Serological Evidence | Humans in Norway showed measurable post-seasonal GMT levels of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies from 2009 to 2023, correlated with antibody prevalence in swine. | 41857313 |
| 2026-06 | Serological Evidence | Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies were detected in both humans and unvaccinated swine in Norway, with a significant correlation between human GMT and swine seroprevalence indicating possible interspecies transmission or shared exposure. | 41857313 |
| 2026-06 | Recombination Or Reassortment | The H6N2 GXG strain was identified as a triple-reassortant virus with its matrix gene derived from an H9N2 avian influenza virus. | 41931194 |
| 2026-06 | Spillover Event | Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 of clade 2.3.4.4b spilled over from wild birds to dairy cattle in the United States in early 2024. | 41819722 |
| 2026-06 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Two H6 avian influenza viruses were isolated from duck farms in China and characterized genetically and antigenically, revealing distinct lineages and molecular changes. | 41931194 |
| 2026-06 | Zoonotic Surveillance | A data-driven quantitative model integrated bird migration and cattle density data to estimate the risk of HPAIV H5N1 introduction from wild birds to cattle in Denmark, supporting targeted zoonotic surveillance. | 41819722 |
| 2026-06 | Molecular Adaptation | The two H6 avian influenza virus isolates carried molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation, suggesting potential cross-species transmission risk. | 41931194 |
| 2026-05-26 | Molecular Adaptation | The Q226H mutation in avian H5N1 hemagglutinin enables binding to human-type α2-6 sialic acid receptors, representing a structural adaptation towards human infection. | 42244705 |
| 2026-05-26 | Spillover Event | A human case in British Columbia was identified with infection by a clade 2.3.4.4b H5 avian influenza virus containing a mixture of 226Q/H in hemagglutinin. | 42244705 |
| 2026-05-25 | Spillover Event | Four zoonotic H1N1v infections in Spain between 2022 and 2026 were linked to genotypes circulating in white pigs. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Cross Species Transmission | Phylogenetic analyses showed introductions of H1N1pdm09 from humans into pigs in Spain, generating multiple reassortant genotypes. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Recombination Or Reassortment | Reassortant genotypes in pigs incorporated pandemic internal cassettes and human seasonal N2 segments, indicating cross-origin genome mixing. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-25 | Cross Species Transmission | Influenza A genotypes were shared across white pigs, Iberian pigs, and wild boar in Spain, suggesting viral flow among swine populations. | 42244724 |
| 2026-05-24 | Host Range Experiment | Experimental inoculation of lactating dairy cattle with influenza A(H5N1) B3.13 genotype virus established robust infection and high-titer viral shedding in milk at doses as low as 10 TCID50. | 42177170 |
| 2026-05-24 | Cross Species Transmission | H5N1 virus does not readily transmit between dairy cattle through contaminated milking equipment or close contact despite high infection levels. | 42177170 |
| 2026-05-20 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Environmental metagenomic surveillance detected avian influenza virus in one-third of wetland water samples along the East Atlantic Flyway, indicating presence of low-pathogenicity AIV and potential animal host associations. | 42029155 |
| 2026-05-20 | Reservoir Ecology | Wetlands were identified as environmental interfaces connecting wildlife, livestock, and humans, potentially facilitating pathogen transmission across domains. | 42029155 |
| 2026-05 | Serological Evidence | Serological surveillance detected antibodies against Influenza A virus in wild boar sera from Spain, with a 6% seroprevalence, indicating viral exposure to multiple subtypes. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Zoonotic Surveillance | Longitudinal surveillance of wild boars in Spain revealed Influenza A virus exposure and circulating subtypes through serologic and virologic monitoring using RT-PCR, ELISA and HI assays. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Molecular Adaptation | H7N9 isolates showed molecular adaptations for mammalian infection, including an HA 186V mutation and new glycosylation sites linked to immune evasion. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Cross Species Transmission | H7N9 avian influenza virus circulates among wild birds and poultry, with isolates of chicken and quail origin demonstrating avian-to-avian cross-species transmission potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | HPAIV H5N1 was confirmed in unpasteurized milk from affected dairy cows in Texas and New Mexico, indicating avian-to-cattle transmission. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | HPAIV H5N1 infection was confirmed in peridomestic birds and domestic cats from affected dairy farm premises, supporting animal-to-animal spillover of avian-origin virus. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Serological Evidence | Wild boar sera from H5N1 outbreak areas showed ELISA reactivity to recombinant H5, indicating possible but unconfirmed H5N1 exposure. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Host Range Experiment | H7N9 Group.y.2.3 isolates exhibited increased replication and virulence in chickens compared to other isolates, indicating lineage-dependent host adaptation in poultry. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Host Range Experiment | Experimental infection of chickens and mice with H7N9 isolates showed that Group.y.2.3 viruses replicated more efficiently and were more virulent than other lineages, demonstrating differential host susceptibility and cross-species adaptation potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | H7N9 avian influenza virus transmitted from wild birds and poultry to humans, causing severe respiratory disease and high mortality. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Outbreak Investigation | Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 was confirmed in unpasteurized milk from affected dairy cows during an outbreak investigation in the Texas Panhandle and eastern New Mexico in March–April 2024. | 41703951 |
| 2026-05 | Genomic Evolution | Phylogenetic and molecular characterization of H7N9 isolates revealed two HA gene evolutionary lineages in poultry associated with differing virulence and mammalian adaptation potential. | 41747464 |
| 2026-05 | Spillover Event | Serologic evidence in wild boars suggests possible spillover of avian or human influenza A viruses into wild boar populations in Spain. | 41668256 |
| 2026-05 | Cross Species Transmission | Serologic evidence suggests potential avian influenza virus H5N1 transmission from birds or poultry to wild boars in Spain. | 41668256 |
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Summarizing recent literature with GPT-5... AI-generated summary. Interpret with care and verify against the source literature.
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| Publication date | Type | Key finding | PMID |
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| No publication-dated evidence in this window. | |||