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Literature detail

Novel, potentially zoonotic paramyxoviruses from the African straw-colored fruit bat Eidolon helvum.

Kate S Baker1 Shawn Todd Glenn A Marsh Gary Crameri Jennifer Barr Alexandra O Kamins Alison J Peel Meng Yu David T S Hayman Behzad Nadjm George Mtove Benjamin Amos Hugh Reyburn Edward Nyarko Richard Suu-Ire Pablo R Murcia Andrew A Cunningham James L N Wood Lin-Fa Wang
Affiliations 1 institutions
  1. Disease Dynamics Unit, University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. [email protected]
PMID 23152534 2013 J Virol eng ppublish
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

Bats carry a variety of paramyxoviruses that impact human and domestic animal health when spillover occurs. Recent studies have shown a great diversity of paramyxoviruses in an urban-roosting population of straw-colored fruit bats in Ghana. Here, we investigate this further through virus isolation and describe two novel rubulaviruses: Achimota virus 1 (AchPV1) and Achimota virus 2 (AchPV2). The viruses form a phylogenetic cluster with each other and other bat-derived rubulaviruses, such as Tuhoko viruses, Menangle virus, and Tioman virus. We developed AchPV1- and AchPV2-specific serological assays and found evidence of infection with both viruses in Eidolon helvum across sub-Saharan Africa and on islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Longitudinal sampling of E. helvum indicates virus persistence within fruit bat populations and suggests spread of AchPVs via horizontal transmission. We also detected possible serological evidence of human infection with AchPV2 in Ghana and Tanzania. It is likely that clinically significant zoonotic spillover of chiropteran paramyxoviruses could be missed throughout much of Africa where health surveillance and diagnostics are poor and comorbidities, such as infection with HIV or Plasmodium sp., are common.

Adolescent Adult Africa Animals Antibodies, Viral Child Child, Preschool Chiroptera Cluster Analysis Female Humans Infant Male Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny RNA, Viral Rubulavirus Rubulavirus Infections

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

7 total
Genomic Evolution 2 records
Genomic Evolution Extraction confidence 0.75
Key finding

Achimota virus 1 and Achimota virus 2 isolated from African straw-colored fruit bats form a phylogenetic cluster with other bat-derived rubulaviruses.

Virus
AchV1
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We describe two novel rubulaviruses: Achimota virus 1 (AchPV1) and Achimota virus 2 (AchPV2). The viruses form a phylogenetic cluster with each other and other bat-derived rubulaviruses, such as Tuhoko viruses, Menangle virus, and Tioman virus.

Analysis methods
phylogenetic analysis
Genomic Evolution Extraction confidence 0.75
Key finding

Achimota virus 2 isolated from African straw-colored fruit bats clusters phylogenetically with other bat rubulaviruses such as Tuhoko, Menangle, and Tioman viruses.

Virus
AchV2
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We describe two novel rubulaviruses: Achimota virus 1 (AchPV1) and Achimota virus 2 (AchPV2). The viruses form a phylogenetic cluster with each other and other bat-derived rubulaviruses, such as Tuhoko viruses, Menangle virus, and Tioman virus.

Analysis methods
phylogenetic analysis
Reservoir Ecology 2 records
Reservoir Ecology Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Achimota viruses persist within straw-colored fruit bat populations, maintained through horizontal transmission.

Virus
AchV1
Location
sub-Saharan Africa
Supporting text

Longitudinal sampling of E. helvum indicates virus persistence within fruit bat populations and suggests spread of AchPVs via horizontal transmission.

Method
longitudinal sampling
Geographic raw
sub-Saharan Africa
Reservoir Ecology Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Achimota virus 2 persists within straw-colored fruit bat populations, maintained through horizontal transmission.

Virus
AchV2
Location
sub-Saharan Africa
Supporting text

Longitudinal sampling of E. helvum indicates virus persistence within fruit bat populations and suggests spread of AchPVs via horizontal transmission.

Method
longitudinal sampling
Geographic raw
sub-Saharan Africa
Zoonotic Surveillance 2 records
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Serological surveillance of Eidolon helvum bats across sub-Saharan Africa detected Achimota virus 1 and 2 infections indicating viral persistence and distribution in bat populations.

Virus
AchV1
Location
sub-Saharan Africa and islands in the Gulf of Guinea
Supporting text

We developed AchPV1- and AchPV2-specific serological assays and found evidence of infection with both viruses in Eidolon helvum across sub-Saharan Africa and on islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Longitudinal sampling of E. helvum indicates virus persistence within fruit bat populations and suggests spread of AchPVs via horizontal transmission.

Method
serological assays; longitudinal sampling
Geographic raw
sub-Saharan Africa and islands in the Gulf of Guinea
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Serological surveillance of Eidolon helvum bats across sub-Saharan Africa detected Achimota virus 2 infections indicating viral persistence and distribution in bat populations.

Virus
AchV2
Location
sub-Saharan Africa and islands in the Gulf of Guinea
Supporting text

We developed AchPV1- and AchPV2-specific serological assays and found evidence of infection with both viruses in Eidolon helvum across sub-Saharan Africa and on islands in the Gulf of Guinea. Longitudinal sampling of E. helvum indicates virus persistence within fruit bat populations and suggests spread of AchPVs via horizontal transmission.

Method
serological assays; longitudinal sampling
Geographic raw
sub-Saharan Africa and islands in the Gulf of Guinea
Serological Evidence 1 records
Serological Evidence Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Serological testing showed Achimota virus 1 and Achimota virus 2 infection in Eidolon helvum fruit bats across several African regions.

Virus
AchV1
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We developed AchPV1- and AchPV2-specific serological assays and found evidence of infection with both viruses in Eidolon helvum across sub-Saharan Africa and on islands in the Gulf of Guinea.

Method
serological assays
Sample type
serum