OmniVira

Literature detail

Adaptive Evolution of Human-Isolated H5Nx Avian Influenza A Viruses.

Fucheng Guo1 Yiliang Li1 Shu Yu1 Lu Liu2 Tingting Luo1 Zhiqing Pu1 Dan Xiang2 Xuejuan Shen1 David M Irwin3,4 Ming Liao1,5 Yongyi Shen1,2,5
Affiliations 5 institutions
  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
  2. Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
  3. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
  4. Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
  5. Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
PMID 31249566 2019 Front Microbiol eng epublish
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

Avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) H5N1, first identified in 1996, are highly pathogenic in domestic poultry and continue to occasionally infect humans. In this study, we sought to identify genetic changes that occurred during their multiple invasions to humans. We evaluated all available H5Nx AIV genomes. Significant signals of positive selection were detected in 29 host-shift branches. 126 parallel evolution sites were detected on these branches, including 17 well-known sites (such as T271A, A274T, T339M, Q591K, E627K, and D701N in PB2; A134V, D154N, S223N, and R497K in HA) that play roles in allowing AIVs to cross species barriers. Our study suggests that during human infections, H5Nx viruses have experienced adaptive evolution (positive selection and convergent evolution) that allowed them to adapt to their new host environments. Analyses of adaptive evolution should be useful in identifying candidate sites that play roles in human infections, which can be tested by functional experiments.

Avian influenza A virus convergent evolution H5Nx host shift human infection

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

2 total
Genomic Evolution 1 records
Genomic Evolution Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Comparative genomic analysis of H5Nx avian influenza A virus genomes from human isolates revealed positive selection and parallel evolution at PB2 and HA sites contributing to host adaptation across species barriers.

Virus
IAV
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We evaluated all available H5Nx AIV genomes. Significant signals of positive selection were detected in 29 host-shift branches. 126 parallel evolution sites were detected on these branches, including 17 well-known sites (such as T271A, A274T, T339M, Q591K, E627K, and D701N in PB2; A134V, D154N, S223N, and R497K in HA) that play roles in allowing AIVs to cross species barriers.

Genes or proteins
PB2; HA
Analysis methods
genome analysis; positive selection analysis; comparative genomics
Molecular Adaptation 1 records
Molecular Adaptation Extraction confidence 0.97
Key finding

Mutations in PB2 and HA genes of H5Nx avian influenza A viruses, including PB2 E627K, D701N, and HA A134V, are associated with adaptive evolution and host switching from birds to humans.

Virus
IAV
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

126 parallel evolution sites were detected on these branches, including 17 well-known sites (such as T271A, A274T, T339M, Q591K, E627K, and D701N in PB2; A134V, D154N, S223N, and R497K in HA) that play roles in allowing AIVs to cross species barriers.

Genes or proteins
PB2; HA
Mutations
T271A; A274T; T339M; Q591K; E627K; D701N; A134V; D154N; S223N; R497K
Mechanism types
polymerase_activity; receptor_binding; host_adaptation