Literature detail

Replication Fitness of Human Influenza B Viruses in Swine Primary Respiratory Epithelial Cells.

Sunayana S Jandhyala¹ Chithra C Sreenivasan² Shalini Soni² Kripa Giri² Radhey S Kaushik¹ Feng Li² Dan Wang²

Affiliations 2 institutions

Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.
Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.

PMID 41891518 2026 J Med Virol eng ppublish

Article

Publication summary

Influenza B virus (IBV) is a significant pathogen and contributes to seasonal influenza epidemics worldwide yearly. Humans are thought to be a reservoir and amplification host for IBV. However, natural infections of IBVs in other species such as pigs probably from a spillover event from humans can sporadically occur. Here, we examined and compared the replication fitness of two human IBV lineages in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells (nasal turbinate, trachea, and lung). IBV strains used in this study included two Victoria lineage viruses (B/Brisbane/60/2008 (BR08) and B/HongKong/286/2017 (HK17)) and two Yamagata lineage viruses (B/Florida/04/06 (FL06) and B/Utah/09/2014 (UT14)). Results of our experiments showed that IBVs replicated efficiently in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells regardless of the virus lineage with higher titers observed at 33°C than at 37°C. HK17 (Victoria lineage) grew to the highest titers in nasal turbinate and lung cells, while the other Victoria lineage strain BR08 showed a modest replication fitness. In sum, the swine primary respiratory epithelial cells representing the upper, middle, and lower respiratory tract of swine support IBV replication, which can be further explored as the in vitro model system to study IBV adaptation to swine, the mixing vessel in generating zoonotic influenza viruses.

influenza B virus replication fitness swine swine primary respiratory epithelial cells Epithelial Cells Influenza B virus Respiratory Mucosa Virus Replication Animals Cells, Cultured Humans Influenza, Human Lung Orthomyxoviridae Infections Swine Trachea Turbinates

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

2 total

Host Range Experiment 1 records

Host Range Experiment Extraction confidence 0.95

Key finding

Human Influenza B viruses replicated efficiently in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells from nasal turbinate, trachea, and lung, demonstrating swine cell susceptibility to these human IBV lineages.

Virus

Host

Location

Supporting text

Here, we examined and compared the replication fitness of two human IBV lineages in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells (nasal turbinate, trachea, and lung). Results of our experiments showed that IBVs replicated efficiently in swine primary respiratory epithelial cells regardless of the virus lineage with higher titers observed at 33°C than at 37°C.

Method: replication assay; in vitro infection
Sample type: nasal turbinate; trachea; lung
Experimental system: in vitro cell culture

Spillover Event 1 records

Spillover Event Extraction confidence 0.90

Key finding

Pigs can occasionally be naturally infected with human influenza B viruses, indicating a human-to-swine spillback event.

Virus

Host

Location

Supporting text

Natural infections of IBVs in other species such as pigs probably from a spillover event from humans can sporadically occur.

Transmission direction: human-to-animal

Citation context

References

43 references

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Evidence overview

Evidence 2

Types 2

Virus 1

Host 3

Evidence types

Host Range Experiment 1 Spillover Event 1

Linked entities

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Publication metadata

Journal: Journal of medical virology
Volume / Issue / Pages: 98 / 4 / e70898
ISSN: 1096-9071
Journal country: United States
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70898