Recent evidence findings
Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...
Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5... AI-assisted synthesis grounded in linked OVE records and source literature. Verify details against the cited evidence.
15 source articles
8 hosts
8 countries
| Publication date | Category / type | Key finding | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus was detected in dead waterfowl at Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2025. | 42811438 |
| 2026-10 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | The detected H5N1 virus in São Paulo was a reassortant derived from locally circulating LPAI viruses and highly pathogenic North American lineages. | 42811438 |
| 2026-09-22 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | Most H5N1 and H5N9 genotypes detected in Korea in 2025–2026 are reassortants between East Asian clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIVs (since 2022) and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from wild birds. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV was detected in poultry and wild birds in Korea during the 2025–2026 winter season, with numerous outbreaks and cases reported. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment | In young ducks, H5N1 caused rapid mortality while H5N9 produced limited clinical signs without mortality. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Experimental Infection Experimental Transmission | H5N1 transmitted to all contact ducks in a controlled contact-transmission experiment. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09 | Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation | H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b carries an HA multibasic cleavage site and avian-specific receptor-binding residues (Q224, G226), supporting high pathogenicity and strong avian receptor affinity. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | An A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in Bangladesh is a reassortant with NA, PB1, NP, MP, and NS derived from contemporary A(H5N1) of ducks in LBMs, while PB2 and PA originate from LPAI viruses. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | The HA gene of the Bangladesh HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus clusters with recent LBM-origin strains from Bangladesh, with an MRCA around July 2023. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was detected in a domestic cat in Italy during an avian influenza outbreak on the same farm. | 42679799 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation | Avian influenza virus A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b was isolated from commercial quail during an outbreak in Bangladesh. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation | An outbreak investigation identified H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection in domestic cats associated with a concurrent backyard poultry HPAI outbreak in Italy, with one fatal feline case and one seroconversion in an exposed cat. | 42679799 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | A reassortant A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus was detected in commercial poultry in Bangladesh, indicating ongoing circulation. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | The PB2 gene of the A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus carries a rare I147T substitution while mammalian-adaptive markers E627K and D701N are absent. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation | The feline H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b isolate harbored PB2-E627K, a polymerase mutation linked to mammalian adaptation and increased pathogenicity. | 42679799 |
| 2026-08-26 | Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence | In 2025 serosurveillance of 400 Japanese horses found no detectable H5N1 antibodies by HI, with 399/400 cELISA-negative and one doubtful sample. | 42648659 |
| 2026-08-10 | Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment | H5TX Q226L binds human-type receptors but requires additional mutations to bind human tracheal tissue in tissue-based assays. | 42573239 |
| 2026-08-03 | Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation | During the 2023 HPAI H5N1 outbreak in Chubut, Argentina, 3 South American sea lions and 1 southern elephant seal stranded and were investigated, with HPAI H5 clade 2.3.4.4b confirmed by PCR and sequencing. | 42548173 |
| 2026-08 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | Recent sequence analysis shows high variation at PA/PA-X site 94 in H5N1 and H7N9, with the PA-X I94V mutation becoming prevalent in recent human H7N9 viruses. | 42090884 |
| 2026-08 | Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation | Patient-derived H5N1 HA mutations E190D and Q226H abolish receptor binding and thus hinder molecular adaptation toward human-type receptor specificity. | 42139887 |
| 2026-07-28 | Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence | Neutralizing antibodies to H5N1 were detected in 3 of 12 domestic cats sampled within 2 km of dairy farms in California, USA. | 42520787 |
| 2026-07-28 | Zoonotic Surveillance Reservoir Ecology | Among domestic cats in California, proximity to dairy farms was a significant ecological risk factor associated with H5N1 seropositivity. | 42520787 |
| 2026-07-26 | Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage | Emerging H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b binds human MHC-II HLA-DR and can mediate sialic acid–independent cell entry, unlike historical H5 lineages. | 42539232 |
| 2026-07-26 | Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment | H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin binds human MHC-II (HLA-DR) and enables sialic acid–independent entry, with binding to primary human immune cells varying by MHC-II expression and HLA-DR allele. | 42539232 |
| 2026-07-26 | Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation | HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is reported as causing a multi-species outbreak affecting wild birds, poultry, multiple mammalian species, and humans. | 42539232 |
| 2026-07-21 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | HPAI H5N1 viral RNA was detected in organ samples from domestic and wild birds in Romania (2017–2024) using real-time RT-PCR, with subsequent sequencing of PB1 and PB2 fragments. | 42515095 |
| 2026-07-21 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | Romanian H5N1 isolates cluster within Eurasian H5N1 lineages and are closely related to contemporary strains from Eastern Europe and Russia. | 42515095 |
| 2026-07-18 | Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment | Intramammary exposure to bovine-derived H5N1 causes productive infection in lactating sows despite prior vaccination. | 42523357 |
| 2026-07-18 | Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment | Intramammary inoculation with influenza A(H5N1) in lactating sows caused mammary lesions and antigen-positive tissue with sustained viral RNA in milk but no overt clinical disease or respiratory involvement. | 42523357 |
| 2026-07-18 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Viral RNA from influenza A(H5N1) was detected and shed persistently in the milk of intramammarily inoculated lactating sows. | 42523357 |
| 2026-07-18 | Zoonotic Surveillance Serological Evidence | In experimentally inoculated lactating sows, neutralizing antibody responses against influenza A(H5N1) developed, indicating immune exposure. | 42523357 |
| 2026-07-18 | Experimental Infection Experimental Transmission | Piglets co-housed with intramammary-inoculated lactating sows showed sporadic oral viral RNA positivity that mirrored milk viral kinetics, indicating limited vertical transmission to piglets. | 42523357 |
| 2026-07 | Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage | In D1.1 genotype H5N1 viruses, the HA-Q226H substitution impairs binding to both sialic acid α2,3 and α2,6 receptors. | 42498495 |
| 2026-07 | Functional Mechanism Receptor Usage | In D1.1 genotype H5N1 viruses, the HA-E190D substitution marginally reduces affinity for sialic acid α2,3 receptors. | 42498495 |
| 2026-07 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Tracheal aspirate sequencing from a 2024 human HPAI H5N1 case in British Columbia detected mixed HA-190D (28%) and HA-226H (35%) variant populations. | 42498495 |
| 2026-07 | Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment | In an in vitro human alveolar model, HPAI H5N1, H7N9, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV caused more severe impairment of alveolar fluid clearance than seasonal H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B viruses. | 42397692 |
| 2026-07 | Experimental Infection Host Range Experiment | Wild bird surveillance isolates H5N3 and H7N1 showed minimal replication in human bronchial tissues compared with pandemic H1N1 and HPAI H5N1 in the ex vivo model. | 42397692 |
Synthesizing linked evidence and source literature...
Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5... AI-assisted synthesis grounded in linked OVE records and source literature. Verify details against the cited evidence.
4 source articles
3 hosts
4 countries
| Publication date | Category / type | Key finding | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus was detected in dead waterfowl at Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2025. | 42811438 |
| 2026-10 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | The detected H5N1 virus in São Paulo was a reassortant derived from locally circulating LPAI viruses and highly pathogenic North American lineages. | 42811438 |
| 2026-09-22 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | Most H5N1 and H5N9 genotypes detected in Korea in 2025–2026 are reassortants between East Asian clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIVs (since 2022) and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from wild birds. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV was detected in poultry and wild birds in Korea during the 2025–2026 winter season, with numerous outbreaks and cases reported. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Experimental Infection Pathogenicity Experiment | In young ducks, H5N1 caused rapid mortality while H5N9 produced limited clinical signs without mortality. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09-22 | Experimental Infection Experimental Transmission | H5N1 transmitted to all contact ducks in a controlled contact-transmission experiment. | 42772571 |
| 2026-09 | Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation | H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b carries an HA multibasic cleavage site and avian-specific receptor-binding residues (Q224, G226), supporting high pathogenicity and strong avian receptor affinity. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Recombination or Reassortment | An A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in Bangladesh is a reassortant with NA, PB1, NP, MP, and NS derived from contemporary A(H5N1) of ducks in LBMs, while PB2 and PA originate from LPAI viruses. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | The HA gene of the Bangladesh HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus clusters with recent LBM-origin strains from Bangladesh, with an MRCA around July 2023. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was detected in a domestic cat in Italy during an avian influenza outbreak on the same farm. | 42679799 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Virus Isolation | Avian influenza virus A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b was isolated from commercial quail during an outbreak in Bangladesh. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Transmission Evidence Outbreak Investigation | An outbreak investigation identified H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection in domestic cats associated with a concurrent backyard poultry HPAI outbreak in Italy, with one fatal feline case and one seroconversion in an exposed cat. | 42679799 |
| 2026-09 | Zoonotic Surveillance Viral Detection | A reassortant A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus was detected in commercial poultry in Bangladesh, indicating ongoing circulation. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Genomic Evolution Phylogenetic Evolution | The PB2 gene of the A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus carries a rare I147T substitution while mammalian-adaptive markers E627K and D701N are absent. | 42767772 |
| 2026-09 | Functional Mechanism Molecular Adaptation | The feline H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b isolate harbored PB2-E627K, a polymerase mutation linked to mammalian adaptation and increased pathogenicity. | 42679799 |
No publication-dated literature was found for this virus in this window.
Generating an evidence-grounded brief with GPT-5... AI-assisted synthesis grounded in linked OVE records and source literature. Verify details against the cited evidence.
0 source articles
0 hosts
0 countries
| Publication date | Category / type | Key finding | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| No publication-dated evidence in this window. | |||