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Rotavirus A, C, and H in Brazilian pigs: potential for zoonotic transmission of RVA.

Patrícia S Flores1,2 Fábio B Costa1,2 Ariane R Amorim1,2 Gabriella S Mendes1,2 Miguel Rojas1,2,3,4 Norma Santos1,2
Affiliations 4 institutions
  1. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes
  2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  3. Laboratorio de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
  4. Current address: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
PMID 33090086 2021 J Vet Diagn Invest eng ppublish
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

Rotaviruses (RVs) have been identified as one of the main infectious causes of diarrhea in young pigs. We determined the prevalence of rotavirus A (RVA), C (RVC), and H (RVH) in pigs on a Brazilian farm. Samples were screened by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, and samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis. Of the 329 fecal samples analyzed, 102 (30.9%) were positive for RV, 25 (7.6%) contained RVA only, 32 (9.7%) contained RVC only, and 31 (9.4%) contained RVH only. Co-circulation, the presence of ≥ 2 RVs in a sample, was detected in 14 (4.2%) samples. Of the 15 animals with diarrhea, 6 (40%) were positive for RV, and of the 314 asymptomatic animals, 96 (30.6%) were positive for RV; there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (<i>p</i> = 0.441). Genotyping of RVA strains showed co-circulation of genotypes G1, G3, G9-P[8]-I1, and I2-E1. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some of the RVA genotypes found in pigs had high percentages of identity when compared with reference strains from humans, which suggests interspecies transmission. Because RVs may be zoonotic, excretion of RVs into the environment can result in transmission to agricultural workers causing interspecies infections and allowing the emergence of new reassorted viruses.

epidemiology genotyping rotavirus swine viral diarrhea zoonosis Animals Brazil Diarrhea Feces Genotype Prevalence Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections Sus scrofa Swine Swine Diseases Zoonoses

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

5 total
Zoonotic Surveillance 3 records
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Rotavirus A, C, and H were detected and genotyped in fecal samples from pigs in Brazil as part of surveillance for zoonotic rotaviruses.

Virus
RVA
Host
Sus scrofa
Location
Brazil Brazil
Supporting text

We determined the prevalence of rotavirus A (RVA), C (RVC), and H (RVH) in pigs on a Brazilian farm. Samples were screened by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, and samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis.

Method
RT-PCR; PCR amplification; sequencing analysis
Sample type
feces
Geographic raw
Brazil
Country inferred
Brazil
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Rotavirus C was detected in fecal samples from pigs in Brazil as part of viral surveillance.

Virus
RVC
Host
Sus scrofa
Location
Brazil Brazil
Supporting text

We determined the prevalence of rotavirus A (RVA), C (RVC), and H (RVH) in pigs on a Brazilian farm. Samples were screened by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, and samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis.

Method
RT-PCR; PCR amplification; sequencing analysis
Sample type
feces
Geographic raw
Brazil
Country inferred
Brazil
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Rotavirus H was detected in fecal samples from pigs in Brazil as part of surveillance for zoonotic viruses.

Virus
RVH
Host
Sus scrofa
Location
Brazil Brazil
Supporting text

We determined the prevalence of rotavirus A (RVA), C (RVC), and H (RVH) in pigs on a Brazilian farm. Samples were screened by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, and samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis.

Method
RT-PCR; PCR amplification; sequencing analysis
Sample type
feces
Geographic raw
Brazil
Country inferred
Brazil
Genomic Evolution 1 records
Genomic Evolution Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Phylogenetic analysis of Rotavirus A from Brazilian pigs showed close genetic similarity to human strains, indicating potential interspecies transmission.

Virus
RVA
Host
Sus scrofa
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some of the RVA genotypes found in pigs had high percentages of identity when compared with reference strains from humans, which suggests interspecies transmission.

Analysis methods
sequencing analysis; phylogenetic analysis
Recombination Or Reassortment 1 records
Recombination Or Reassortment Extraction confidence 0.75
Key finding

The study suggests that zoonotic transmission of rotaviruses between pigs and humans could lead to the emergence of new reassorted rotavirus strains.

Virus
Rotavirus
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Because RVs may be zoonotic, excretion of RVs into the environment can result in transmission to agricultural workers causing interspecies infections and allowing the emergence of new reassorted viruses.

Event type
reassortment