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Literature detail

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida.

Allison Murawski1 Thomas Fabrizio2 Robert Ossiboff1 Christina Kackos2 Trushar Jeevan2 Jeremy C Jones2 Ahmed Kandeil2 David Walker2 Jasmine C M Turner2 Christopher Patton2,3 Elena A Govorkova2 Helena Hauck1 Suzanna Mickey1 Brittany Barbeau4 Y Reddy Bommineni5 Mia Torchetti6 Kristina Lantz6 Lisa Kercher2 Andrew B Allison1 Peter Vogel7 Michael Walsh1 Richard J Webby8
Affiliations 8 institutions
  1. Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
  2. Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
  3. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
  4. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
  5. Bronson Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, 2700 N John Young Parkway, Kissimmee, FL, 34745-8006, USA.
  6. National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
  7. Comparative Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
  8. Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. [email protected].
PMID 38637646 2024 Commun Biol eng epublish
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1) lineage have caused widespread mortality in wild birds and poultry in the United States. Concomitant with the spread of HPAI viruses in birds are increasing numbers of mammalian infections, including wild and captive mesocarnivores and carnivores with central nervous system involvement. Here we report HPAI, A(H5N1) of clade 2.3.4.4b, in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from Florida, United States. Pathological findings include neuronal necrosis and inflammation of the brain and meninges, and quantitative real time RT-PCR reveal the brain carried the highest viral load. Virus isolated from the brain contains a S246N neuraminidase substitution which leads to reduced inhibition by neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir. The increased prevalence of A(H5N1) viruses in atypical avian hosts and its cross-species transmission into mammalian species highlights the public health importance of continued disease surveillance and biosecurity protocols.

Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Influenza A virus Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype Influenza in Birds Animals Birds Florida Neuraminidase

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

4 total
Cross Species Transmission 1 records
Cross Species Transmission Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b was detected in a bottlenose dolphin in Florida, indicating cross-species transmission from avian to mammalian hosts.

Virus
IAV H5N1
Location
United States United States
Supporting text

The increased prevalence of A(H5N1) viruses in atypical avian hosts and its cross-species transmission into mammalian species highlights the public health importance of continued disease surveillance and biosecurity protocols. Here we report HPAI, A(H5N1) of clade 2.3.4.4b, in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from Florida, United States.

Method
virus isolation; quantitative real time RT-PCR; pathological analysis
Study design
field surveillance
Transmission direction
animal-to-animal
Geographic raw
Florida, United States
Country inferred
United States
Molecular Adaptation 1 records
Molecular Adaptation Extraction confidence 0.80
Key finding

The H5N1 virus infecting a bottlenose dolphin exhibited an S246N neuraminidase mutation that decreased susceptibility to oseltamivir, showing molecular adaptation involving antiviral resistance.

Virus
IAV H5N1
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Virus isolated from the brain contains a S246N neuraminidase substitution which leads to reduced inhibition by neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir.

Genes or proteins
neuraminidase
Mutations
S246N
Mechanism types
immune_escape; antiviral_resistance
Spillover Event 1 records
Spillover Event Extraction confidence 0.92
Key finding

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of avian origin was detected in a common bottlenose dolphin in Florida, representing a cross-species spillover from birds to a mammal.

Virus
IAV H5N1
Location
United States United States
Supporting text

Here we report HPAI, A(H5N1) of clade 2.3.4.4b, in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from Florida, United States. The increased prevalence of A(H5N1) viruses in atypical avian hosts and its cross-species transmission into mammalian species highlights the public health importance of continued disease surveillance and biosecurity protocols.

Method
real time RT-PCR; virus isolation
Study design
case report
Transmission direction
animal-to-human
Geographic raw
Florida, United States
Country inferred
United States
Zoonotic Surveillance 1 records
Zoonotic Surveillance Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin indicates zoonotic surveillance identifying cross-species infections in mammals.

Virus
IAV H5N1
Location
United States Florida, United States
Supporting text

Here we report HPAI, A(H5N1) of clade 2.3.4.4b, in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from Florida, United States.

Method
quantitative real time RT-PCR; virus isolation; pathology
Sample type
brain
Geographic raw
Florida
Country inferred
United States