OmniVira

Receptor-binding specificity and antigenic properties of a genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza virus isolated from a human.

Ahmed Kandeil1,2 Pradeep Chopra3,4 Sean D Ray4,5 Balasaheb K Ghotekar3 Charlene Ranadheera6 Trushar Jeevan1 Thomas Fabrizio1 Adam Rubrum1 Geert-Jan Boons3,4,7,8 Stephen Mark Tompkins4,5 Nathalie Bastien6 Richard J Webby1
Affiliations 8 institutions
  1. Department of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
  2. Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
  3. Department of Chemistry, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA, USA.
  4. Center for Influenza Disease and Emergence Response, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
  5. Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
  6. Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada.
  7. Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
  8. Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrech, The Netherlands.
PMID41824556 DOI10.1080/22221751.2026.2645856 Year2026 Journal Emerging microbes & infections Emerg Microbes Infect Languageeng Statusppublish

Abstract

Clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) influenza viruses continue to expand their host range and pose increasing public health concerns. A case of severe human infection with genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) with HÀ substitutions was diagnosed in British Columbia. It is important to monitor receptor-binding specificity and antigenicity of emerging variants of circulating influenza A(H5N1) viruses. To evaluate potential human adaptation of this virus, we enriched HA-variant subpopulations and assessed sialic acid receptor usage via glycan microarray, solid-phase assays, and biolayer interferometry. All variants bound exclusively to avian-type sialic acid receptors. The antigenicity of the tested A(H5N1) variants was covered by candidate vaccine viruses.

Supporting text Virus Host Location
emerging variants 1 H5N1 82 Hemagglutinin 31 Influenza 61 receptor-binding specificity 3 Antigens, Viral 49 Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus 180 Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype 300 Influenza, Human 286 Receptors, Cell Surface 28 Receptors, Virus 204 Animals 1948 Genotype 137 Humans 1440 sialic acid receptor 14

Evidence records

2 total
Zoonotic Surveillance
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Virus Isolation
1 records
OVE10696 Virus Isolation
Key finding

Genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza virus was successfully isolated from a human case of severe infection in British Columbia.

Virus
Influenza A virus H5N1
Host
human Homo sapiens Natural host
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

A case of severe human infection with genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) ... influenza virus isolated from a human.

Sample type
clinical specimen
Functional Mechanism
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Receptor Usage
1 records
OVE10697 Receptor Usage
Key finding

HA-variant subpopulations of the human A(H5N1) isolate bound exclusively to avian-type sialic acid receptors.

Virus
Influenza A virus H5N1
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

To evaluate potential human adaptation of this virus, we enriched HA-variant subpopulations and assessed sialic acid receptor usage via glycan microarray, solid-phase assays, and biolayer interferometry. All variants bound exclusively to avian-type sialic acid receptors.

Method
glycan microarray | solid-phase assay | biolayer interferometry
Receptors
avian-type sialic acid receptors