OmniVira

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Poultry Farm Workers, Washington, USA, 2024.

Yasuko Hatta Juan A De La Cruz Theresa Murray Brian Hiatt Yunho Jang Julia C Frederick Kristine A Lacek Juliana C DaSilva Dan Cui Paul Carney Jimma Liddell Kay W Radford Natasha Burnett Sabrina Schatzman Pauline Trinh Anna Unutzer Elizabeth A Pusch Monique Johnson Ha T Nguyen Benjamin L Rambo-Martin Larisa Gubareva James Stevens C Todd Davis Marie K Kirby Allison Black Han Di
PMID41490523 DOI10.3201/eid3112.251118 Year2025 Journal Emerging infectious diseases Emerg Infect Dis Languageeng Statusppublish

Abstract

Poultry workers in Washington, USA, were infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus and recovered. The viruses were clade 2.3.4.4b genotype D1.1, closely related to viruses causing poultry outbreaks. Continued surveillance and testing for influenza A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses remain essential for risk assessment and pandemic preparedness of zoonotic influenza viruses.

Supporting text Virus Host Location
antigenicity 10 avian influenza A virus 4 candidate vaccine virus 1 genotype D1.1 2 H5N1 82 Influenza 61 receptor binding 30 respiratory infections 30 United States 56 viruses 117 Washington 3 zoonoses 477 Farmers 5 Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype 300 Influenza in Birds 341 Influenza, Human 286 Animals 1948 Disease Outbreaks 170 Farms 30 Genotype 137 Humans 1440 Male 224 Phylogeny 805 Poultry 112

Evidence records

2 total
Transmission Evidence
2 records · 2 evidence types
Evidence type Spillover Event
1 records
OVE10362 Spillover Event
Key finding

Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus occurred among poultry farm workers following zoonotic transmission from poultry.

Virus
Influenza A virus H5N1
Host
human Homo sapiens Natural host birds Aves Natural host
Location
United States
Supporting text

Poultry workers in Washington, USA, were infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus and recovered.

Method
human infection case investigation | virus genomic comparison with poultry outbreak strains
Study design
field outbreak investigation describing natural zoonotic transmission to exposed workers
Transmission direction
animal-to-human
Geographic raw
Washington, USA
Country inferred
USA
Evidence type Outbreak Investigation
1 records
OVE10363 Outbreak Investigation
Key finding

Outbreak investigation in Washington, USA, identified highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b genotype D1.1 infection in poultry farm workers, with viruses genetically related to those causing poultry outbreaks.

Virus
Influenza A virus H5N1
Host
human Homo sapiens Natural host birds Aves Natural host
Location
United States
Supporting text

Poultry workers in Washington, USA, were infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus... The viruses were clade 2.3.4.4b genotype D1.1, closely related to viruses causing poultry outbreaks.

Method
genetic analysis | outbreak investigation | virus sequencing
Transmission direction
animal-to-human
Geographic raw
Washington, USA
Country inferred
USA
Outbreak setting
poultry farm
Outbreak time
2024