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Literature detail

Determination of the factors responsible for the tropism of SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses to <i>Rhinolophus</i> bat ACE2.

Shigeru Fujita1,2 Yusuke Kosugi1,2 Izumi Kimura1 Kenzo Tokunaga3 Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium Jumpei Ito1,4 Kei Sato1,2,4,5,6,7,8
Affiliations 8 institutions
  1. Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  2. Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  3. Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan.
  4. International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  5. International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  6. Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan.
  7. Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto, Japan.
  8. CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi, Japan.
PMID 37724881 2023 J Virol eng ppublish
PubMed DOI Browse context

Article

Publication summary

The efficiency of infection receptor use is the first step in determining the species tropism of viruses. After the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a number of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) were identified in <i>Rhinolophus</i> bats, and some of them can use human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for the infection receptor without acquiring additional mutations. This means that the potential of certain SC2r-CoVs to cause spillover from bats to humans is "off-the-shelf." However, both SC2r-CoVs and <i>Rhinolophus</i> bat species are highly diversified, and the host tropism of SC2r-CoVs remains unclear. Here, we focus on two Laotian SC2r-CoVs, BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52, and determine how the tropism of SC2r-CoVs to <i>Rhinolophus</i> bat ACE2 is determined at the amino acid resolution level.

ACE2 coronavirus Rhinolophus bat SARS-CoV-2 spike Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Chiroptera SARS-CoV-2 Animals COVID-19 Humans Phylogeny Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus Tropism ACE2 protein, human spike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Structured evidence records

Evidence records

4 total
Molecular Adaptation 2 records
Molecular Adaptation Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Amino acid-level interactions between the spike proteins of BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52 and Rhinolophus bat ACE2 determine viral host tropism, indicating molecular adaptation of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses to bat receptors.

Virus
SARSr-CoV
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We focus on two Laotian SC2r-CoVs, BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52, and determine how the tropism of SC2r-CoVs to Rhinolophus bat ACE2 is determined at the amino acid resolution level.

Genes or proteins
spike
Receptors
ACE2
Mechanism types
receptor_binding; tissue_tropism
Molecular Adaptation Extraction confidence 0.90
Key finding

Amino acid-level interactions between the spike protein of BANAL-20-52 and Rhinolophus bat ACE2 determine viral host tropism, showing adaptation of this SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus to bat ACE2 receptor usage.

Virus
SARSr-CoV
Host
Not specified
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

We focus on two Laotian SC2r-CoVs, BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52, and determine how the tropism of SC2r-CoVs to Rhinolophus bat ACE2 is determined at the amino acid resolution level.

Genes or proteins
spike
Receptors
ACE2
Mechanism types
receptor_binding; tissue_tropism
Receptor Usage 2 records
Receptor Usage Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52, two SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses, utilize ACE2 receptors from Rhinolophus bats, and some SC2r-CoVs can also use human ACE2 without requiring further mutations.

Virus
SARSr-CoV
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Some of the SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) identified in Rhinolophus bats can use human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for the infection receptor without acquiring additional mutations. The study focuses on BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52 and determines how the tropism of SC2r-CoVs to Rhinolophus bat ACE2 is determined at the amino acid resolution level.

Receptors
ACE2
Receptor Usage Extraction confidence 0.95
Key finding

Certain SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses can utilize human ACE2 receptors for cell entry without additional mutations, suggesting receptor compatibility between bats and humans.

Virus
SARS-CoV-2
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

Some of the SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) identified in Rhinolophus bats can use human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for the infection receptor without acquiring additional mutations.

Receptors
ACE2