OmniVira

Determination of the factors responsible for the tropism of SARS-CoV-2-related bat coronaviruses to Rhinolophus bat ACE2.

Shigeru Fujita1,2 Yusuke Kosugi1,2 Izumi Kimura1 Kenzo Tokunaga3 Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium Jumpei Ito1,4 Kei Sato1,2,4,5,6,7,8
Affiliations 8 institutions
  1. Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  2. Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  3. Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan.
  4. International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  5. International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan.
  6. Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Japan.
  7. Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto, Japan.
  8. CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi, Japan.
PMID37724881 DOI10.1128/jvi.00990-23 Year2023 Journal Journal of virology J Virol Languageeng Statusppublish

Abstract

The efficiency of infection receptor use is the first step in determining the species tropism of viruses. After the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a number of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) were identified in Rhinolophus bats, and some of them can use human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for the infection receptor without acquiring additional mutations. This means that the potential of certain SC2r-CoVs to cause spillover from bats to humans is "off-the-shelf." However, both SC2r-CoVs and Rhinolophus bat species are highly diversified, and the host tropism of SC2r-CoVs remains unclear. Here, we focus on two Laotian SC2r-CoVs, BANAL-20-236 and BANAL-20-52, and determine how the tropism of SC2r-CoVs to Rhinolophus bat ACE2 is determined at the amino acid resolution level.

Supporting text Virus Host Location
ACE2 54 coronavirus 195 Rhinolophus bat 1 SARS-CoV-2 550 spike 25 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 177 Chiroptera 371 SARS-CoV-2 453 Animals 1948 COVID-19 425 Humans 1440 Phylogeny 805 Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus 274 Tropism 11 ACE2 protein, human 87 spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 157

Evidence records

1 total
Functional Mechanism
1 records · 1 evidence types
Evidence type Receptor Usage
1 records
OVE7358 Receptor Usage
Key finding

Certain SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses from Rhinolophus bats can use human ACE2 as an infection receptor without additional mutations.

Virus
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Coronaviridae
Host
human Homo sapiens Experimental system Rhinolophus Experimental system
Location
Not specified
Supporting text

After the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a number of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) were identified in Rhinolophus bats, and some of them can use human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for the infection receptor without acquiring additional mutations.

Method
infection assay | receptor usage test
Receptors
ACE2 | angiotensin converting enzyme 2